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Table 5 Injectable antibiotic use and coverage, case note verification, EN-BIRTH study (n = 1015)

From: Antibiotic use for inpatient newborn care with suspected infection: EN-BIRTH multi-country validation study

Name of antibiotic

Bangladesh

Nepal

Tanzania

Azimpur Tertiary

Kushtia District

Pokhara Regional

Temeke Regional

Muhimbili National

N = 106

N = 303

N = 344

N = 213

N = 49

n (% - CI)

n (% - CI)

n (% - CI)

n (% - CI)

n (% - CI)

Amikacin

4 (3.8 – (1.0–9.4))

44 (14.5– (10.7–19.0))

55 (16 – (12.2–20.3))

0 (0)

0 (0)

Ampicillin

96 (90.6 – (83.3–95.3))

0 (0)

257 (74.7 – (69.7–79.2))

135 (63.4 – (56.5–69.8))

33 (67.3– (52.4–80.0))

Ampicillin-Cloxacillin

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

63 (29.6 – (23.5–36.1))

0 (0)

Amoxycillin-Cloxacillin

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

1 (2 – (0.0–10.8))

Azithromycin

0 (0)

1 (0.3 – (0.0–1.8))

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

Aztreonam

0 (0)

0 (0)

1 (0.3 – (0.0–1.6))

0 (0)

0 (0)

Azoxystrobin (fungicide)

0 (0)

4 (1.3 – (0.3–3.3))

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

Cefaclor

0 (0)

1 (0.3 – (0.0–1.8))

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

Cefdinir-Flucloxacillin

0 (0)

0 (0)

1 (0.3 – (0.0–1.6))

0 (0)

0 (0)

Cefixime

0 (0)

0 (0)

23 (6.7 – (4.2–9.8))

0 (0)

0 (0)

Cephalexin

0 (0)

1 (0.3 – (0.0–1.8))

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

Cefotaxime

0 (0)

2 (0.7 – (0.0–2.3))

38 (11 – (7.9–14.8))

1 (0.5 – (0.0–2.5))

1 (2 – (0.0–10.8))

Ciprofloxacin

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

4 (8.2 – (2.2–19.6))

Cloxacillin

2 (1.9 – (0.2–6.6)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

Cefepime

2 (1.9 - (0.2–6.6))

1 (0.3 – (0.0–1.8))

1 (0.3 – (0.0–1.6))

0 (0)

0 (0)

Ceftriaxone

1 (0.9 – (0.02–5.1))

19 (6.3 – (3.8–9.6))

0 (0)

9 (4.2 – (1.9–7.8)

22 (44.9 – (30.6–59.7))

Flucloxacillin

1 (0.9 – (0.02–5.1))

11 (3.6 – (1.8–6.4))

14 (4.1 – (2.2–6.7))

0 (0)

0 (0)

Gentamicin

98 (92.5 – (85.7–96.7)

217 (71.6 – (66.1–76.6))

270 (78.5 – (73.7–82.7))

197 (92.5 – (88.0–95.6)

34 (69.4 – (54.5–81.7))

Mexidin

0 (0)

1 (0.3 – (0.0–1.8))

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

Metronidazole

2 (1.9 – (0.2–6.6))

56 (18.5 – (14.2–23.3))

5 (1.5 – (0.5–3.3))

2 (0.9 – (0.1–3.3))

5 (10.2 – (3.3–22.2))

Moxifloxacin

0 (0)

1 (0.3 – (0.0–1.8))

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

Meropenem

0 (0)

85 (28.1 – (23.1–33.5))

2 (0.6 - (0.0–2.0))

0 (0)

2 (4.1 (0.5–13.9)

Ofloxacin

0 (0)

0 (0)

1 (0.3 – (0.0–1.6))

0 (0)

0 (0)

Ceftazidime

5 (4.7 – (1.5–10.7))

210 (69.3 – (63.7–74.4))

4 (1.2 – (0.3–2.9)

0 (0)

0 (0)

Tobramycin

0 (0)

0 (0)

2 (0.6 - (0.0–2.0))

0 (0)

0 (0)

Vancomycin

0 (0)

0 (0)

5 (1.5 – (0.5–3.3))

0 (0)

0 (0)

Antibiotic - Unspecified

0 (0)

8 (2.6 – (1.1–5.1))

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)