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Table 1 Descriptive characteristics of the pregnant non-smokers and smokers, and those who quit smoking and those who continued

From: The association of maternal-fetal attachment with smoking and smoking cessation during pregnancy in The FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study

 

Non-smokers

Smokers

Between-groups difference

Quit smoking

Continued smoking

Between-groups difference

N = 3086

N = 612

N = 354

N = 255

n/N (%)

n/N (%)

df

χ2p

n/N (%)

n/N (%)

df

χ2 p

Primiparous

1432/3086 (46.4%)

353/612 (57.7%)

1

<0.001**

231/354 (65.3%)

112/255 (47.1%)

1

<0.001**

Single parent

80/3080 (2.6%)

68/605 (11.2%)

1

<0.001**

17/353 (4.8%)

51/249 (20.5%)

1

<0.001**

Education

  

2

<0.001**

  

2

<0.001**

 Low

828/2582 (32.1%)

325/462 (70.3%)

  

190/298 (63.8%)

133/161 (82.6%)

  

 Middle

803/2582 (31.1%)

81/462 (17.5%)

  

62/298 (20.8%)

19/161 (11.8%)

  

 High

951/2582 (36.8%)

56/462 (12.1%)

  

46/298 (15.4%)

9/161 (5.6%)

  

Income

  

3

<0.001**

  

3

0.015*

 <1000€

544/2577 (21.1%)

133/460 (28.9%)

  

72/297 (24.2%)

59/160 (36.9%)

  

 1001-1500€

409/2577 (15.9%)

112/460 (24.3%)

  

71/297 (23.9%)

41/160 (25.9%)

  

 1501-2000€

870/2577 (33.8%)

140/460 (30.4%)

  

101/297 (34.0%)

39/160 (24.4%)

  

 >2000€

754/2577 (29.3%)

75/460 (16.3%)

  

53/297 (17.8%)

21/160 (13.1%)

  

Self-reported prior psychiatric disorder (any)

419/2580 (16.2%)

126/460 (27.4%)

1

<0.001**

74/297 (24.9%)

50/160 (31.3%)

1

0.146

Self-reported prior depression

291/2580 (11.3%)

93/460 (20.2%)

1

<0.001**

51/297 (17.2%)

40/160 (25.0%)

1

0.046*

Self-reported prior anxiety disorder

137/2580 (5.3%)

38/460 (8.3%)

1

0.012*

23/297 (7.7%)

14/160 (8.8%)

1

0.707

  1. The descriptive sample statistics are based on the original data, not the imputed dataset
  2. N = information available or relevant total N, n = a number of pregnant women with an affirmative response
  3. * p-value <.05, **p-value <.01