Table 3 Variant of abnormal placental perfusion and odds ratio of male hypospadias
Variant of abnormal placental perfusion | Male hypospadias | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
No. of infants | No. of cases | Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) | ||
Right uterine artery | ||||
 PI | Normal (≤P95) | 15,244 | 28 | 1.00 |
High (>P95) | 835 | 5 | 2.60 (0.97–6.98) | |
 RI | Normal (≤P95) | 15,348 | 29 | 1.00 |
High (>P95) | 731 | 4 | 2.34 (0.80–6.85) | |
 EDN | No | 15,942 | 32 | 1.00 |
Yes | 144 | 1 | 2.27 (0.29–17.65) | |
Left uterine artery | ||||
 PI | Normal (≤P95) | 15,218 | 28 | 1.00 |
High (>P95) | 839 | 4 | 2.03 (0.68–5.99) | |
 RI | Normal (≤P95) | 15,267 | 27 | 1.00 |
High (>P95) | 790 | 5 | 2.86 (1.06–7.70) | |
 EDN | No | 15,859 | 30 | 1.00 |
Yes | 226 | 3 | 5.33 (1.56–18.26) | |
No. of insufficient markers | ||||
 0 | 14,186 | 24 | 1.00 | |
 1 | 663 | 3 | 2.50 (0.75–8.34) | |
 2 | 872 | 3 | 1.79 (0.53–6.04) | |
 3 and above | 326 | 3 | 3.59 (0.99–12.95) | |
Left uterine artery RI and EDN | ||||
 Normal RI and without EDN | 15,112 | 26 | 1.00 | |
 High RI or with EDN | 866 | 6 | 3.35 (1.34–8.38) | |
 High RI and with EDN | 75 | 1 | 6.33 (0.68–41.70) | |
 Any of high RI and/or with EDN | 941 | 7 | 3.53 (1.48–8.41) | |