Hygiene along the continuum of care in the early post-natal period: an observational study in Nigeria

Table 4 Observed hand hygiene opportunities and hand hygiene actions in the household

	Hand hygiene opportunities n	Hand hygiene actions n (%)
	Hand hygiene opportunities n	Adequate^a	Inadequate^b	No Action
All observations
Mothers	154	4 (3)	11 (7)	139 (90)
Fathers	7	0 (0)	0 (0)	7 (100)
Non-parental caregivers	298	1 (0.5)	1 (0.5)	296 (99)
Total	459	5 (1)	12 (3)	442 (96)
Cord contact^c
Mothers	16	2 (13)	1 (6)	13 (81)
Fathers	0	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Non-parental caregivers	13	0 (0)	0 (0)	13 (100)
Total	29	2 (7)	1 (3)	26 (90)
Other newborn care^d
Mothers	138	2 (2)	10 (7)	126 (91)
Fathers	7	0 (0)	0 (0)	7 (100)
Non-parental caregivers	285	1 (0.5)	1 (0.5)	283 (99)
Total	430	3 (1)	11 (3)	416 (96)

^aAdequate hand hygiene action includes washing hands with soap and washing hands with soap and wearing clean gloves for aseptic procedures
^bInadequate hand hygiene action includes rinsing hands without using soap or wearing gloves for aseptic procedures without handwashing with soap prior to donning gloves
^cCord contact includes direct cord contact via cord cleaning or cord inspection
^dOther newborn care includes newborn handling outside cord care (changing newborn’s diapers, cleaning newborns bottom following defecation, picking up and putting newborn down, rubbing newborn’s body with body oils and powders, cleaning newborn’s eyes, changing newborn’s clothes, drying newborn with cloth, wiping newborn’s face)

ISSN: 1471-2393