Table 2 Comparison of secondhand smoke exposure rate among different internal family resources (n = 1249)
Internal family resources Dimensions | Variables | Overall N = 1249(%), mean (SD) | Secondhand smokers N = 682(%) | Rate of secondhand smoke exposure (%) | χ2 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Financial support | Annual income (USD) | Â | Â | Â | 0.602 | 0.740 |
< 5421 | 226 (18.1) | 122 (17.9) | 54.0 |  |  | |
5421 ~ 12,649 | 668 (53.5) | 360 (52.8) | 53.9 |  |  | |
> 12,649 | 355 (28.4) | 200 (29.3) | 56.3 |  |  | |
Advocacy/Maintenance | Home smoking ban |  |  |  | 12.405 | < 0.001 |
Yes | 418 (33.5) | 199 (29.2) | 47.6 | Â | Â | |
No | 831 (66.5) | 483 (70.8) | 58.1 | Â | Â | |
Husband tobacco use |  |  |  | 117.199 | < 0.001 | |
No tobacco use | 702 (56.2) | 315 (46.2) | 44.9 | Â | Â | |
Smoke but not nearby | 395 (31.6) | 226 (33.1) | 57.2 | Â | Â | |
Smoke nearby | 152 (12.2) | 141 (20.7) | 92.8 | Â | Â | |
Household tobacco use (except husband) |  |  |  | 27.252 | < 0.001 | |
No tobacco use | 791 (63.3) | 403 (59.0) | 50.9 | Â | Â | |
Smoke but not nearby | 348 (27.9) | 194 (28.5) | 55.9 | Â | Â | |
Smoke nearby | 110 (8.8) | 85 (12.5) | 77.3 | Â | Â | |
Medical management | Regular prenatal checkup | Â | Â | Â | 0.487 | 0.485 |
Yes | 1202 (96.2) | 654 (95.9) | 54.4 | Â | Â | |
No | 47 (3.8) | 28 (4.1) | 59.6 | Â | Â | |
Love support | Marital relationships | Â | Â | Â | 1.751 | 0.186 |
≤61 | 633 (50.7) | 334 (53.2) | 52.8 |  |  | |
> 61 | 616 (49.3) | 348 (46.8) | 56.5 |  |  | |
Information and knowledge | Age | 29.1 ± 4.6 |  |  | 10.461 | 0.001 |
≥29 | 642 (51.4) | 379 (55.6) | 59.0 |  |  | |
< 29 | 607 (48.6) | 303 (44.4) | 49.9 |  |  | |
Gravidity times | Â | Â | Â | 3.059 | 0.080 | |
1 | 677 (54.2) | 385 (56.5) | 56.9 | Â | Â | |
≥2 | 572 (45.8) | 297 (43.5) | 51.9 |  |  | |
Gestational weeks | Â | Â | Â | 5.944 | 0.051 | |
≤12 | 98 (7.8) | 53 (7.8) | 54.1 |  |  | |
13 ~ 28 | 432 (34.6) | 256 (37.5) | 59.3 |  |  | |
> 28 | 719 (57.6) | 373 (54.7) | 51.9 |  |  | |
Knowledge of secondhand smoke harm | Â | Â | Â | 3.874 | 0.053 | |
≤22 | 591 (47.3) | 340 (50.1) | 57.5 |  |  | |
> 22 | 658 (52.7) | 342 (49.9) | 52.0 |  |  | |
Structural support | Residence or facility changes | Â | Â | Â | 0.809 | 0.368 |
Yes | 58 (4.6) | 35 (5.1) | 60.3 | Â | Â | |
No | 1191 (95.4) | 647 (94.9) | 54.3 | Â | Â |