Table 1 Characteristics of included studies
From: Which is better for mothers and babies: fresh or frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer?
Author Year | Patients | Age (fresh/frozen) | Numbers of patient (fresh/frozen) | Design | Duration of trial | Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aflatoonian 2010a [12] | Patients who were classified as high responders | 28.1 ± 3.5/27.3 ± 4.4 | 187/187 | Prospective RCT | Feb 2007 to Feb 2009 | IR, CPR, MR, MPR, OPR |
Aflatoonian 2010b [13] | Pregnancies after fresh ET vs. FET | 29.9 ± 4.7/30.4 ± 4.5 | 500/200 | Prospective RCT | Mar 2006 to Mar 2008 | MR, LBR, PR, EPR, PTD, LBW, |
Aghahosseini 2017 [14] | Infertile women with P ≥ 1.8 ng/dl | 32.8 ± 5.8/30.5 ± 4.7 | 36/36 | RCT | Jan to Apr 2016 | CPR, MR, LBR, PR |
Ainsworth 2019 [15] | Women who underwent fresh or FET at the Mayo Clinic | 33.4 ± 4.4 /32.9 ± 3.6 | 87/ 49 | Retrospective cohort study. | 2010 to 2014 | PPH, PE, SGA, GDM, PROM, PTD |
Badalotti 2019 [16] | An assisted reproduction clinic in Brazil | No statement | 1443/ 486 | Retrospective case-control study | 2010 to 2019 | SGA, PTD, LBW, VLBW |
Beltrananzola 2019 [17] | Infertile-couples undergoing IVF or IVF-ICSI | No statement | 1857/ 352 | Retrospective cohort study. | 1995 to 2015. | GDM,hyper, Preterm, Very preterm, |
Belva 2008 [18] | All pregnancies after transfer of FET | No statement | 6402/1351 | Unmatched cohort study | No statement | MR, MPR, LBR, OPR, PR, EPR, LBW, Stil |
Bourdon 2018 [19] | Women with endometriosis infertile | 34.3 ± 3.9/34.3 ± 4.1 | 135/135 | Retrospective matched cohort study | Oct 2012 to Dec 2014 | LBR, MPR, OPR |
Cavoretto2020 [20] | Women undergoing fresh ET or FET | 35.9 ± 3.9/34.9 ± 5.1 | 164 / 203 | Prospective longitudinal study | Jan 2016 to Dec 2018 | GDM, PTD, PE, SGA, LGA |
Chen 2016 [21] | Infertile women with PCOS | 28.2 ± 3.1/28.1 ± 3.0 | 762/746 | Retrospective matched cohort study | Jun 2013 to May 2015 | CPR, MR, LBR, OPR, PR, OHSS, PTD, PIH, Stil |
Coates 2017 [22] | Patients undergoing IVF treatment using preimplantation genetic screening | 36.6 (25–42)/ 36.7 (27–42) | 88/91 | RCT | Dec 2013 to Aug 2015 | IR, MPR, LBR, OPR |
Eum 2016 [23] | Women who underwent one or two fresh ET or FET | Using a cutoff of 35 years | 69/206 | Retrospective study | Jan 2013 to Dec 2014. | IR, CPR, MR, LBR, MPR |
Fauque 2010 [24] | Women with adequate ovarian function | <  36 years | No statement | Prospective NRCT | 2005 to 2007 | CPR, MR, LBR, MPR, EPR. |
Feng 2012 [25] | Women with various infertile causes | 31.02 ± 3.69/ 31.60 ± 3.56 | 604/ 384 | Retrospective study | Jan 2009 to Dec 2010 | IR, CPR, MR, LBR, MPR, EPR, PTD, LBW, Stil, NM |
Ferraretti 1999 [26] | Patients at risk of OHSS | 31.46 ± 2.4/ 31.66 ± 2.8 | 67/58 | Prospective RCT | Jan 1996 to Jul 1997 | CPR, LBR, PR |
Ginström 2019 [27] | Singletons born after in Sweden | 34.9 ± 5.2 /34.1 ± 4.3 | 9726/24,365 | Retrospective cohort study | 2005 to 2015 | GDM, PP, PA, PPH, PIH, |
Healy 2010 [28] | Women with singleton births in Victoria Australia | No statement | 4058/2045 | Retrospective cohort study | 1991 to 2004 | PP, PA, PH |
Henningsen 2011 [29] | Singleton born after fresh ET or FET | No statement | 716/716 | Retrospective cohort study | 1994 to 2008 | LBW |
Henman 2005 [30] | Patients with three or more usable blastocysts | < 38 years | 121/156 | Prospective study | Apr 2000 to Dec 2001 | IR, CPR, LBR, MPR |
Hwang 2019 [31] | Singleton infants born to Massachusetts women who conceived by fresh or FET | No statement | 12,390/ 2101 | Retrospective cohort study. | July 2004, to Dec 2013 | Preterm, LGA, SGA, LBW, Birth defects |
Ishihara 2014 [32] | Women undergoing SET | Any age | 33,559/118866 (5981/27408 singletons) | Retrospective study | 2008 to 2010 | CPR, MR, MPR, EPR, PP, PA, PIH, LGA, SGA, LBW, HBW, Stil |
Johnson 2019 [33] | Women who underwent an autologous IVF cycle | 35.8 (32.8–38.8)/36.3 (33.0–39.8) | 1861/ 271 | Retrospective cohort study | Jan 2000 to Jun 2015 | SGA, PA |
Korosec 2007 [34] | Women undergoing SET | < 37 years | 65/214 | Prospective study | Apr 2004 to Jun 2006 | CPR |
Le 2018 [35] | Non-PCOS women undergoing IVF/ICSI | Any age | 391/391 | RCT | Jun to Apr 2015 | MR, LBR, EPR, GDM, PIH |
Liu 2019 [36] | Women with 3 and 10 oocytes retrieved underwent fresh or FET | < 40 years | 495/ 935 | Retrospective cohort study | Jan 2015 to Jan 2019 | CPR, MR, EPR |
Magdi 2017 [37] | Women with recurrent implantation failure | <38 years | 90/81 | Prospective cohort study | Apr 2014 to Oct 2016 | IR, CPR, MR, MPR, OPR, PR, |
Maheshwari 2016 [38] | Singleton births after IVF/ICISI in the UK | Any age | 95,911/16521 | Retrospective cohort study | 1991 to2011 | PTD, LBW, HBW, NM |
Martikainen 2001 [39] | Women with at least four good quality embryos | No statement | 74/74 | RCT | No statement | CPR, MR, LBR, EPR |
Martikainen 2004 [40] | Women in the first or second treatment cycle when a top-quality embryo is available | <36 years | 308/311 | Retrospective cohort study | 2000 to 2002 | CPR, MR, MPR, LBR, OPR, EPR |
Mizrachi 2019 [41] | Women with singleton IVF pregnancies who delivered | 33.8 ± 5.5 /32.2 ± 5.2 | 74/57 | Prospective cohort study | Dec 2017 to May 2019. | GDM, PE, PROM, SGA, LBW |
Pelkonen 2010 [42] | Women underwent ART with ET leading to birth | Any age | 3298/1852 | Unmatched cohort study | 1995 to2006 | PP, PA, PH, PTD, LGA, LBW, SGA, Sti |
Pelkonen 2014 [9] | Women underwent ART with ET leading to singleton births | Any age | 2942/1830 (Singleton births) | Register-based cohort study | 1995 to 2006 | Major congenital anomalies |
Pelkonen 2015 [43] | Women underwent ART with ET leading to singleton births | Any age | 2933/1825 | Register-based cohort study | 1995 to 2006. | PTD, LGA, SGA, LBW, NM |
Pinborg 2010 [44] | All singletons who according to the Danish IVF Register | Any age | 10,392/5979 | Retrospective cohort study | 1995 to 2007 | LBW, PTD, Stil, NM |
Roy 2014 [45] | Infertile patients who underwent fresh ET or FET | No statement | 1157/645 | Retrospective study. | Mar2010 to Nov 2011 | CPB, MR, LBR, PR, PTD, LBW |
Serkan 2020 [46] | Infertile patients with various infertility etiology for IVF with fresh ET and sFET | 18–42 years | 620 /580 | Retrospective cross-sectional study | Jun 2015 to May 2018 | PR, CPR, MR, EPR, LBR |
Shapiro 2011a [47] | Patients with first-time IVF cycle day 3 FSH < 10 mIU/mL and 8–15 antral follicles | <41 years | 53/50 | RCT | No statement | IR, CPR, MR, MPR, OPR, PR |
Shapiro 2011b [48] | Patient must be undergoing her first IVF cycle; cycle day 3 FSH < 10 IU/L; and > 15 antral follicles | No statement | 62/60 | RCT | No statement | IR, CPR, MR, MPR, OPR, PR. |
Shapiro 2013 [49] | Women with SET. | 33.8 ± 4.7/33.8 ± 4.7 | 93/93 | Matched cohort study. | Dec 2003 to Dec 2011 | CPR, MR, MPR, OPR, PR |
Shavit 2017 [6] | Singletons born after f fresh or FET | Any age | 1886/1220 | Retrospective cohort study | Dec 2008 to Dec 2012 | CPR, MR, PA, PTD, GDM, PIH, LGA, SGA, LBW, HBW, NM |
Shih 2008 [50] | Neonatal perinatal statistics unit Australia | Any age | 3110/2387 | Matched cohort study | 1978 to 2005 | PTD, LBW, NM |
Vuong 2016 [51] | Non-PCOS infertile couples undergoing IVF/ICSI | No statement | 391/391 | RCT | No statement | MPR, LBR, MPR, OPR, EPR |
Vuong 2018 [52] | Non-PCOS infertile women who were undergoing a first or second IVF cycle 3 | 32 ± 4 /32 ± 4 | 391/391 | RCT | No statement | IR, CPR, MR, MPR, LBR, OPR, EPR, |
Walls 2014 [53] | Women with PCOS. | Any age | 122/179 | Retrospective case–control study | Mar 2007 to Dec 2012. | CPR, MR, LBR, PR |
Wang 2005 [54] | Infants conceived through ART procedures and born in Australia | Any age | 7676/3824 | Retrospective cohort study | 1996 to 2000 | LBW. |
Wei 2019 [7] | Women with regular menstrual cycles undergoing their first cycle of in-vitro fertilization | 28.8 (3.0) / 28·8 (3.0) | 825/825 | RCT | Aug 2016, to Jun 2017 | R, CPR, MR, MPR, LBR, OPR, PR, EPR, PP, PH, PTD, GDM, PIH, LGA, SGA, NM |
Wennerholm 1997 [55] | Birth after IVF with cryopreserved–thawed embryos in Sweden | 34.0 ± 3.1/ 33.6 ± 3.3 | 209/209 | Matched cohort study | Jun1990 to Jul 1995 | PH, PTD, GDM, PIH, LBW |
Wennerholm 2013 [56] | Singletons conceived after FET in Denmark, Norway and Sweden | 33.3 ± 4.0/33.7 ± 3.9 | 42,242/6647 | Retrospective cohort study | Until Dec 2007 | PTD, LGA, SGA, VSGA, LBW, HBW, |
Wikland 2010 [57] | Children born after vitrified BTor fresh BT | 34.7 (22.0–44.0)/35.4 (26.3–45.3) | 203/103 | Retrospective cohort study | Jan 2006 to May 2008 | MR, LBR, PR, EPR, PP, PA, GDM, PIH, LGA, SGA, LBW, |
Wu 2014 [58] | High responder patients diagnosed as primary infertility with more than 15 oocytes retrieved | 29.02 ± 2.87/ 29.05 ± 2.48 | 50/69 | Retrospective cohort study | Jan to Nov 2012 | IR, CPR, MPR, |
Wu 2019 [59] | Patients with advanced endometriosis undergoing first embryo transfer cycles | No statement | 255/ 506 | Retrospective cohort study | Mar 2006 to Mar 2017 | IR, CPR, MR, EPR, LBR, PTD, VPTD, LBW, VLBW |
Xiong 2019 [60] | Women who underwent fresh or frozen ET | 33.39 ± 3.75 /34.07 ± 4.14 | 101/ 179 | Retrospective cohort study. | Aug 2014 to Jul 2017. | PR, IR, CPR, MR, MPR, OPR, LBR, SGA, LGA, |
Yang 2015 [61] | Patients with P > 6 nmol/L on the HCG day in IVF/ICSI cycle | Between 20 and 40 years | 43/42 | Retrospective cohort study | Mar 2011 to Mar 2012 | IR, CPR, LBR, PR, |
Zhang 2018 [62] | Women with PCOS | 28.1 ± 3.1/28.4 ± 2.9 | 212/250 (singletons) | Retrospective cohort study | Jun 2013 to Jul 2015 | GDM, PE, PTD, LGA, SGA |