Model | Free params | χ2 (df) | RMSEA | 90% CI RMSEA | CFI | TLI | ∆χ2 | p-value χ2 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M1: Configural invariance | 116 | 577.88 (232) | .07 | .06–.07 | .94 | .93 | – | – |
M2: Full metric invariance | 102 | 594.36(246) | .06 | .06–.07 | .94 | .93 | – | – |
M3: Partial metric invariance (removed: fommovie) | 103 | 575.76 (242) | .06 | .06–.07 | .94 | .94 | 20.80 | .08 |
M4: Full scalar invariance | 68 | 679.41 (280) | .07 | .06–.07 | .93 | .93 | – | – |
M5: Partial scalar invariance (thresholds freed: univedu, wkouthm, dleavehm) | 73 | 616.95 (275) | .06 | .05–.07 | .94 | .94 | 47.65 | .02* |
M6: Full strict invariance | 90 | 603.55 (258) | .06 | .06–.07 | .94 | .94 | – | – |
M7: Partial strict invariance (residual freed: wkouthm) | 74 | 610.34 (274) | .06 | .05–.07 | .94 | .94 | 20.86 | .18 |