Trends and correlates of maternal, newborn and child health services utilization in primary healthcare facilities: an explorative ecological study using DHIMSII data from one district in the Volta region of Ghana

Table 6 Determinants of maternal healthcare services utilization based on cumulative three-year reference data (2015–2017)

Midwives per clinic and ANC attendance (Poisson Regression Model 1)	Dependent Variable: ANC (2015–2017)
Independent Variables	IRR	(95% CI)	p-value
Midwives per clinic	1.30	1.29 1.32	0.000
WIFA population	0.99	0.99 1.00	0.000
Other staff per clinic	1.05	1.04 1.05	0.000
Rural	1.24	1.15 1.34	0.000
Urban	1.0	1.0	1.0
Log pseudolikelihood	− 577.75
LR chi2(4)	1663.40
Prob > chi2	0.0000
Pseudo R2	0.5901
Obs.	23
Midwives per clinic and SVDs (Poisson Regression Model 2)	Dependent Variable: SVDs (2015–2017)
Independent Variables	IRR	(95% CI)	p-value
Midwives per clinic	1.30	1.25 1.35	0.000
WIFA population	0.99	0.99 1.00	0.000
Other staff per clinic	1.08	1.07 1.09	0.000
Rural	0.35	0.19 0.65	0.001
Urban	1.0	1.0	1.0
Log pseudolikelihood	−577.75132
LR chi2(4)	1663.40
Prob > chi2	0.0000
Pseudo R2	0.5901
Obs.	23
ANC attendance and SVDs (Poisson Regression Model 3)	Dependent Variable: SVDs (2015–2017)
Independent Variables	IRR	(95% CI)	p-value
ANC attendance	1.00	0.99 1.00	0.000
Midwives per clinic	1.14	1.09 1.20	0.000
WIFA population	0.99	0.99 1.00	0.000
Other staff per clinic	1.06	1.05 1.07	0.000
Rural	0.90	0.46 1.77	0.758
Urban	1.0	1.0	1.0
Log pseudolikelihood	−530.23193
LR chi2(4)	1758.44
Prob > chi2	0.0000
Pseudo R2	0.6238
Obs.	23

Source: GHS/DHIMS II (Ho West District, 2015–2017)
Legend: ANC (Antenatal Care); SVDs (Spontaneous Vaginal Deliveries); WIFA (Women in Fertility Age); IRR (Incidence Rate Ratio); CI (Confidence Interval)
*p < 0.001 (Poisson regression) statistically significant

ISSN: 1471-2393