Table 3 The categories and subcategories of the attributes, antecedents, and consequences of the concept of well-being in HRP
From: Well-being in high-risk pregnancy: an integrative review
Subcategories | Categories | Components |
|---|---|---|
Well-being as an abstract concept; Well-being as a multidimensional concept; Well-being and health as intertwined concepts | Well-being as a multidimensional and complex concept | The attributes of well-being in HRP |
Successful control of physiologic parameters; Successful control of physical health conditions | Controlled physical conditions | |
Anxiety; Depression; Stress; Satisfaction with the present conditions; Satisfaction with laboratory tests; No feeling of loneliness; Feeling guilty at adverse pregnancy outcomes; Feeling of vitality; and Feeling of hope | Controlled mood, emotions, and affections | |
Fear over adverse pregnancy outcomes; Uncertainty over pregnancy outcomes; Concern over adverse pregnancy outcomes; and perceiving danger | Perceived threat | |
Feeling of self-efficacy; Behavioral response to pregnancy; Damages to maternal roles | Self-efficacy and competence for multiple role performance | |
Maintaining positive social interactions; Maintaining positive relationships with spouse and others | Maintained social relationships | |
Spiritual components of well-being in HRP; Spiritual well-being and health as intertwined concepts | Meaning seeking and relationship with the Creator | |
Personal characteristics; Social position; Financial security | Personal and socioeconomic characteristics | The antecedents of well-being in HRP |
Physical suffering as a predictor of well-being; Tension due to pregnancy-related physical symptoms; Hospitalization-related functional limitation | Physical tensions | |
Access to health services; Easy intake of health services; Appropriateness of health services; Free and informed choice of health services | Availability and perceived quality of health services | |
History of psychological disorders; History of negative life events; Personal competence; Pregnancy wantedness | Psychological context | |
Mental, emotional, and legal support; Informational support; Relationship with a successful peer model | Social support | |
Friendly relationships with spouse and others; Empathetic interactions with spouse; Empathetic interactions with nurses and midwives | Interpersonal relationships | |
Coping strategies to have good feelings; Health-promoting behaviors | Coping strategies | |
Spiritual beliefs; Engagement in religious rituals | Spirituality and religiosity | |
Well-being as a facilitator to the achievement of physical health; Mood improvement; Anxiety reduction; Mental health improvement | Maternal health | The consequences of well-being in HRP |
Poor maternal well-being as a factor which negatively affects maternal image of the fetus as a real person; Mother-fetus emotional belongingness | Mother-fetus emotional attachment | |
Adverse pregnancy outcome in case of poor well-being; Premature delivery in case of poor well-being | Success in pregnancy | |
Fetus’s physical and behavioral responses; Fetus’s hormonal, nervous, and epigenetic changes; Fetal well-being as a reflection of maternal well-being | Fetal well-being | |
Neonatal physical outcomes; Hormonal and nervous changes during infancy and childhood; Neuromotor outcomes during infancy and childhood; Behavioral outcomes during infancy, childhood, and adolescence; Changes in growth and development | Outcomes related to child’s future |