Table 3 Association of Stressful Life Events and Social Support with Low Birthweight, NBDPS, 2006–2011
From: Periconceptional stressors and social support and risk for adverse birth outcomes
Exposures | Total (N = 4134) | Very Low Birthweight (N = 31) | ARRa (95% CI) | Low Birthweight (N = 182) | ARRa (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. | No. (row %) | No. (row %) | |||
Stressful life eventsb | |||||
Relationship difficulties | |||||
No | 3432 | 21 (0.6) | Referent | 144 (4.2) | Referent |
Yes | 702 | 10 (1.4) | 2.0 (0.9,4.4) | 38 (5.4) | 1.0 (0.7,1.5) |
Legal/financial problems | |||||
No | 3577 | 25 (0.7) | Referent | 152 (4.2) | Referent |
Yes | 557 | 6 (1.1) | 1.6 (0.6,3.9) | 30 (5.4) | 1.2 (0.8,1.8) |
Violence/crime | |||||
No | 3843 | 29 (0.8) | Referent | 157 (4.1) | Referent |
Yes | 291 | 2 (0.7) | NC | 25 (8.6) | 1.8 (1.1,2.7) |
Illness/injury | |||||
No | 3550 | 25 (0.7) | Referent | 162 (4.6) | Referent |
Yes | 584 | 6 (1.0) | 1.3 (0.5,3.3) | 20 (3.4) | 0.7 (0.5,1.2) |
Death of someone close | |||||
No | 3509 | 29 (0.8) | Referent | 153 (4.4) | Referent |
Yes | 625 | 2 (0.3) | NC | 29 (4.6) | 1.0 (0.7,1.5) |
Changed jobs | |||||
No | 3111 | 24 (0.8) | Referent | 136 (4.4) | Referent |
Yes | 1023 | 7 (0.7) | 0.7 (0.3,1.7) | 46 (4.5) | 0.9 (0.6,1.3) |
Moved | |||||
No | 3429 | 24 (0.7) | Referent | 153 (4.5) | Referent |
Yes | 705 | 7 (1.0) | 1.1 (0.5,2.7) | 29 (4.1) | 0.8 (0.5,1.2) |
Feelings of nervousness and stress | |||||
Never or almost never | 1181 | 6 (0.5) | 0.9 (0.3,2.5) | 40 (3.4) | 0.8 (0.5,1.2) |
Sometimes | 1728 | 10 (0.6) | Referent | 74 (4.3) | Referent |
Somewhat or very often | 1225 | 15 (1.2) | 2.2 (1.0,5.0) | 68 (5.6) | 1.3 (0.9,1.8) |
Stress indexc | |||||
Low stress (0–3) | 3934 | 29 (0.7) | Referent | 168 (4.3) | Referent |
High stress (4–7) | 200 | 2 (1.0) | NC | 14 (7.0) | 1.3 (0.7,2.3) |
Social supportb | |||||
Emotional support | |||||
No | 505 | 5 (1.0) | Referent | 31 (6.1) | Referent |
Yes | 3629 | 26 (0.7) | 0.8 (0.3,2.3) | 151 (4.2) | 0.8 (0.5,1.1) |
Financial support | |||||
No | 601 | 3 (0.5) | Referent | 29 (4.8) | Referent |
Yes | 3533 | 28 (0.8) | 1.8 (0.5,6.1) | 153 (4.3) | 0.9 (0.6,1.4) |
Help with daily tasks | |||||
No | 573 | 5 (0.9) | Referent | 28 (4.9) | Referent |
Yes | 3561 | 26 (0.7) | 0.9 (0.3,2.5) | 154 (4.3) | 1.0 (0.6,1.4) |
Social support indexc | |||||
Low support (0–2) | 984 | 8 (0.8) | Referent | 53 (5.4) | Referent |
High support (3) | 3150 | 23 (0.7) | 1.0 (0.4,2.4) | 129 (4.1) | 0.8 (0.6,1.1) |
Stress and social support combinedd | |||||
Low stress, high support | 3039 | 22 (0.7) | Referent | 124 (4.1) | Referent |
High stress, high support | 111 | 1 (0.9) | NC | 5 (4.5) | 0.9 (0.4,2.2) |
Low stress, low support | 895 | 7 (0.8) | 0.9 (0.4,2.4) | 44 (4.9) | 1.2 (0.8,1.7) |
High stress, low support | 89 | 1 (1.1) | NC | 9 (10.1) | 1.9 (1.0,3.9) |