The effect of non-organophosphate household pesticides exposure during pregnancy on infants birth sizes and growth rate: a cohort study

Table 2 Association between exposure to household pesticides during pregnancy with birth anthropometrics

Exposure	Model	Linear regression coefficients (95% confidence interval)
Exposure	Model	Birth weight (g)	Birth length (mm)	Head circumference (mm)
Non-Exposed (n = 151)		Reference	Reference	Reference
Exposed to Household pesticides (n = 133)	Crude	− 121.4 (− 227.6; −15.2)^*	−4.0 (−9.3;1.4)	−6.4 (−12.1;-0.7)^*
	Model 1	−112.3 (−219.6;-5.1)^*	−3.7 (−9.1;1.8)	− 6.6 (− 12.3:-0.8)^*
	Model 2	−106.3 (−215.8; 3.2)	−3.7 (− 9.3;1.9)	−7.1 (− 13.1;-1.2)^*
Exposed to mosquito insecticides only (n = 87)	Crude	− 134.1 (− 255.7;-12.5)^*	−5.3 (− 11.4;0.7)	−4.0 (− 10.4;2.4)
	Model 1	− 130.2 (− 253.1;-7.2)^*	−5.2 (− 11.3;0.9)	− 4.3 (− 10.9;2.0)
	Model 2	−123.5 (−248.8;1.7)	− 4.8 (− 11.1;1.1)	−4.7 (− 11.3;2.0)
Exposed to pesticides other than mosquito insecticides (n = 15)	Crude	−82.1 (− 332.9;168.7)	−6.5(− 19.1;6.0)	−22.2 (− 36.5;-7.8)^*
	Model 1	− 57.7 (− 308.4;193.0)	−5.3 (− 17.9;7.3)	− 21.8 (− 36.3;-7.4)^*
	Model 2	− 57.9 (− 309.1;193.3)	−5.7 (− 18.4;7.0)	−22.1 (− 36.5;-7.6) ^*
Exposed to both mosquito insecticides and other pesticides (n = 31)	Crude	− 72.1 (− 246.9;102.7)	2.4 (6.3;11.1)	− 5.7 (− 14.9;3.5)
	Model 1	−71.4 (− 247.8;105.5)	2.1 (6.7;10.9)	−6.6 (− 15.9;2.8)
	Model 2	−59.8 (− 241.4; 103.2)	1.7 (7.5;10.1)	− 6.7 (− 16.2;3.0)

Model 1: adjusted for SES, mother’s age at pregnancy
Model 2: adjusted for SES, mother’s age at pregnancy, household SHS exposure, water sources, fuel sources, garbage burning, and use of open vehicle
*: p < 0.05

ISSN: 1471-2393