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Table 3 Maternal characteristics of White British and South Asian women, stratified by BMI+

From: Antenatal depression and anxiety and early pregnancy BMI among White British and South Asian women: retrospective analysis of data from the Born in Bradford cohort

 

Underweight

Recommended weight

Overweight

Obese class 1

Obese class 2

Obese class 3

p-valuep

White British

n = 94

South Asian

n = 242

White British

n = 1514

South Asian n = 1321

White British

n = 1003

South Asian n = 1435

White British

n = 508

South Asian n = 853

White British

n = 264

South Asian n = 325

White British

n = 131

South Asian

n = 134

White British

South Asian

Age (mean ± SD)

21.8 ± 0.5

25.2 ± 0.3

25.7 ± 0.2

26.4 ± 0.1

27.4 ± 0.2

28.2 ± 0.1

27.7 ± 0.2

29.0 ± 0.2

27.6 ± 0.3

29.2 ± 0.3

28.2 ± 0.5

30.8 ± 0.5

0.0001**

0.0001**

Education level (n, %)

 None

28 (29.8)

50 (20.7)

329 (21.7)

255 (19.3)

169 (16.8)

321 (22.4)

88 (17.3)

212 (24.9)

55 (20.8)

100 (30.8)

29 (22.1)

49 (36.6)

< 0.0001

< 0.0001

 GSCE

43 (45.7)

80 (33.1)

512 (33.8)

392 (29.7)

328 (32.7)

406 (28.3)

173 (34.1)

262 (30.7)

90 (34.1)

102 (31.4)

46 (35.1)

42 (31.3)

**

**

 A-level

12 (12.8)

27 (11.2)

247 (16.3)

186 (14.1)

202 (20.1)

202 (14.1)

103 (20.3)

120 (14.1)

58 (22.0)

41 (12.6)

23 (17.6)

14 (10.4)

  

 Higher than A-Level

7 (7.4)

76 (31.4)

316 (20.9)

428 (32.4)

210 (20.9)

439 (30.6)

91 (17.9)

223 (26.1)

32 (12.1)

65 (20.0)

22 (16.8)

15 (11.2)

  

IMD level (n, %)

 Low deprivation

24 (25.5)

55 (22.7)

765 (50.5)

330 (25.0)

535 (53.3)

349 (24.3)

234 (46.1)

179 (21.0)

95 (36.0)

60 (18.5)

49 (37.4)

21 (15.7)

< 0.0001**

0.015*

 High deprivation

70 (74.5)

186 (76.9)

748 (49.4)

991 (75.0)

468 (46.7)

1086 (75.7)

273 (53.7)

674 (79.0)

169 (64.0)

265 (81.5)

82 (62.6)

113 (84.3)

  

Smoking status (n, %)

 Yes

56 (59.6)

6 (2.5)

542 (35.8)

48 (3.6)

322 (32.1)

63 (4.4)

165 (32.5)

21 (2.5)

98 (37.1)

14 (4.3)

34 (26.0)

6 (4.5)

< 0.0001**

0.181

 No

38 (40.4)

236 (97.5)

970 (64.1)

1273 (96.4)

681 67.9)

1371 (95.5)

343 (67.5)

832 (97.5)

166 (62.9)

311 (95.7)

97 (74.0)

128 (95.5)

  

Depression (n, %)

 Yes

37 (39.4)

97 (40.1)

543 (35.9)

555 (42.0)

352 (35.1)

657 (45.8)

179 (35.2)

380 (44.5)

107 (40.5)

137 (42.2)

49 (37.4)

65 (48.5)

0.630

0.212

 No

57 (60.6)

145 (59.9)

971 (64.1)

766 (58.0)

651 (64.9)

778 (54.2)

329 (64.8)

473 (55.5)

157 (59.5)

188 (57.8)

82 (62.6)

69 (51.5)

  

Anxiety (n, %)

 Yes

38 (40.4)

95 (39.3)

699 (46.2)

581 (44.0)

510 (50.8)

657 (45.8)

250 (49.2)

405 (47.5)

131 (49.6)

153 (47.1)

73 (55.7)

63 (47.0)

0.065

0.261

 No

55 (58.5)

146 (60.3)

803 (53.0)

726 (55.0)

487 (48.6)

764 (53.2)

257 (50.6)

446 (52.3)

130 (49.2)

171 (52.6)

58 (44.3)

70 (52.2)

  
  1. SD standard deviation
  2. GCSE The General Certificate of Secondary Education
  3. IMD Index of Multiple deprivation
  4. *Significant at 0.05 significance level (two-tailed)
  5. **significant at 0.01 significance level (two-tailed)
  6. pT-test for continuous variable and chi-squared with Fishers exact (where cell count < 5) for categorical variables
  7. +White British BMI categories: Underweight, < 18.5 kg/m2; recommended weight, 18.5–24.9 kg/m2; overweight, 25–29.9 kg/m2; obese, ≥30 kg/m2; obese class 1, 30.0–34.9 kg/m2; obese class 2, 35.0–39.9 kg/m2; obese class 3, ≥40.0 kg/m2 South Asian BMI categories: underweight, < 18.5 kg/m2; recommended weight, 18.5–22.9 kg/m2; overweight, 23–27.49 kg/m2; obese, ≥27.5 kg/m2; obese class 1, 27.5–32.49 kg/m2, obese class 2, 32.5–37.49 kg/m2, obese class 3, ≥37.5 kg/m2
  8. Sum of percentages may not add to 100% due to missing/incomplete data, missing data not included in chi-squared analysis
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