Table 3 Unplanned Primary Cesarean Birth and Selected Labor Management Experiences, California, 2016
Variable | Proportion (n = 1,964) % | Unplanned Primary Cesarean among women without condition | Unplanned Primary Cesarean among women with condition |
|---|---|---|---|
Gestational age > = 37 weeks (Full Term), cephalic presentation | 94.7 | 21.1 (13.9, 30.7) | 12.4 (10.9, 14.1) |
Care Arrangements and Support | Â | Â | Â |
 Had a midwife for prenatal care | 8.4 | 14.3 (12.7, 16.1) | 11.8 (7.7, 17.9) |
 Had a doula in labor (English speaking only) | 9.5 | 13.3 (8.1, 20.9) | 15.0 (12.8, 17.5) |
 Felt pressure from any health professional to have an induction | 16.4 | 16.9 (13.0, 21.8) | 13.5 (11.9, 15.3) |
 Felt pressure from any health professional to have an epidural | 11.7 | 17.7 (13.1, 23.5) | 13.6 (12.0, 15.3) |
 Felt pressure from any health professional to have a cesarean | 8.1 | 10.5 (9.1, 12.0) | 53.9 (45.6, 61.9) |
 Agreed staff encouraged her to make decisions | 75.6 | 13.9 (11.0, 17.5) | 10.6 (9.1, 12.4) |
 Agreed well supported by staff when giving birth | 92.0 | 15.2 (10.2, 21.9) | 11.2 (9.7, 12.8) |
 Agreed staff communicated well with during labor | 91.9 | 13.3 (8.8, 19.5) | 11.3 (9.9, 12.9) |
Labor Management | Â | Â | Â |
 5 + cm dilation first vaginal exam after admission | 23.8 | 17.1 (14.9, 19.5) | 6.6 (4.2, 10.1) |
 Medical induction attempted | 47.7 | 9.4 (7.7, 11.4) | 19.2 (16.7, 21.9) |
 Induced with amniotomy | 12.4 | 20.1 (17.1, 23.4) | 16.7 (12.4, 22.2) |
 Amniotomy after labor began | 45.5 | 12.8 (10.8, 15.2) | 10.7 (8.8, 13.1) |
 Used any intermittent auscultation | 19.4 | 11.2 (9.6, 13.1) | 9.6 (4.4, 19.7) |
 Synthetic oxytocin to stimulate after labor began | 42.3 | 5.7 (4.3, 7.4) | 16.8 (14.3, 19.7) |
 Epidural | 71.7 | 3.4 (2.2, 5.3) | 18.2 (16.2, 20.4) |
 Mobile during labor | 38.0 | 9.7 (8.1, 11.6) | 14.1 (11.7, 17.0) |
 NTSV rate above the target (23.9%) | 54.3 | 12.1 (10.1, 14.5) | 15.9 (13.7, 18.3) |