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Table 2 Application of the ICD-PM to determine causes of stillbirth at the Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe, Nigeria, 2010–2018

From: Applying the WHO ICD-PM classification system to stillbirths in a major referral Centre in Northeast Nigeria: a retrospective analysis from 2010-2018

 

M1

Complications of placenta, cord, etc.

M2

Maternal complications of pregnancy

M3

other complications of labour & delivery

M4

Maternal medical & surgical conditions

M5

No maternal condition

Total (%)

Antepartum Death

A1: Congenital malformations, and chromosomal abnormalities

0

7

0

2

2

11 (3.0)

A2: Infection

0

0

0

1

0

1 (0.3)

A3: Antepartum hypoxia

4

2

0

23

6

35 (9.6)

A4: Other specified antepartum disorder

0

1

0

0

0

1 (0.3)

A5: Disorder related to fetal growth

22

11

0

144

30

206 (56.7)

A6: Antepartum death of unspecified cause

4

6

0

83

17

110 (30.1)

Total n = (%)

30 (8.2)

27 (7.4)

0 (0.0)

253 (69.3)

55 (15.1)

365 (100.0)

Intrapartum Death

I1: Congenital malformations, and chromosomal abnormalities

1

7

8

3

1

20 (5.1)

I2: Birth trauma

0

0

0

0

0

0 (0.0)

I3: Acute intrapartum event

10

3

17

8

3

41 (10.3)

I4: Infection

0

0

0

0

0

0 (0.0)

I5: Other specified intrapartum event

0

0

0

0

0

0 (0.0)

I6: Disorder related to fetal growth

87

7

26

31

5

156 (39.5)

I7: Intrapartum of unspecified cause

83

3

61

24

7

178 (45.1)

Total n = (%)

181 (45.8)

20 (5.1)

112 (28.3)

66 (16.7)

16 (4.1)

395 (100.0)

Grand Total N = (%)

211 (27.8)

47 (6.2)

112 (14.7)

319 (41.9)

71 (9.4)

760 (100.0)