Table 1 The socioeconomic characteristics of the pregnant participants (n = 1222)
From: Iodine adequacy in reproductive age and pregnant women living in the Western region of Saudi Arabia
Parameter | Pregnant group (n = 1222) |  | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
First trimester (n = 364; 29.8%) | Second trimester (n = 352; 28.8%) | Third trimester (n = 506; 41.4%) | P-value | |
Mean ± SD of Age (year) | 28.6 ± 6.2 | 27.9 ± 5.5 | 29.2 ± 5.4 | 0.003 |
Age groups |  |  |  | <  0.001 |
 18- < 25 | 132 (10.8%) | 134 (10.9%) | 118 (9.7%) |  |
 25- < 35 | 160 (13.1%) | 172 (14.1%) | 296 (24.2%) |  |
  > 35 | 72 (5.9%) | 46 (3.8%) | 92 (7.5%) |  |
Mean ± SD of Weight (kg) | 66.4 ± 13.6 | 65.9 ± 13.5 | 69.1 ± 13.4 | 0.001 |
Mean ± SD of Height (cm) | 160.8 ± 7.9 | 160.9 ± 7.03 | 163.3 ± 8.4 | <  0.001 |
Mean ± SD of BMI (kg/m2) | 25.8 ± 5.5 | 25.4 ± 4.6 | 25.8 ± 4.3 | 0.3 |
BMI Classes | Â | Â | Â | 0.006 |
 Underweight | 12 (1%) | 18 (1.5%) | 24 (2%) |  |
 Normal | 164 (13.4%) | 156 (12.8%) | 186 (15.2%) |  |
 Overweight | 124 (10.2%) | 136 (11.1%) | 230 (18.8%) |  |
 Obese | 64 (5.2%) | 42 (3.4%) | 66 (5.4%) |  |
Parity | Â | Â | Â | 0.1 |
 Primiparous | 72 (5.9%) | 90 (7.4%) | 104 (8.5%) |  |
 Multiparous | 292 (23.9%) | 262 (21.4%) | 402 (32.9%) |  |
Family Size | Â | Â | Â | 0.02 |
  ≤ 4 members | 240 (19.7%) | 248 (20.3%) | 298 (24.4%) |  |
  > 4 members | 124 (10.1%) | 104 (8.5%) | 208 (12.8%) |  |
Total income (SR) | Â | Â | Â | 0.08 |
  < 3000 | 78 (6.4%) | 64 (5.2%) | 123 (10.1%) |  |
 3001–5000 | 196 (16%) | 196 (16%) | 250 (20.4%) |  |
 5001–10,000 | 76 (6.2%) | 68 (5.6%) | 114 (9.3%) |  |
  > 10,001 | 14 (1.2%) | 24 (2%) | 19 (1.6%) |  |
Education Level |  |  |  | <  0.001 |
 Illiterate | 16 (1.3%) | 20 (1.6%) | 40 (3.3%) |  |
 1ry Education | 32 (2.6%) | 26 (2.1%) | 52 (4.2%) |  |
 2ry Education | 76 (6.2%) | 94 (7.7%) | 172 (14.1%) |  |
 University | 240 (19.7%) | 212 (17.4%) | 242 (19.8%) |  |
Employment | Â | Â | Â | 0.1 |
 Yes | 92 (7.5%) | 74 (6.1%) | 100 (8.2%) |  |
 No | 272 (22.3%) | 278 (22.7%) | 406 (33.2%) |  |
Residency | Â | Â | Â | 0.8 |
 Urban | 356 (29.1%) | 342 (28%) | 494 (40.4%) |  |
 Rural | 8 (0.7%) | 10 (0.8%) | 12 (1%) |  |
Active smoking | Â | Â | Â | 0.004 |
 Yes | 8 (0.7%) | 19 (1.6%) | 37 (3%) |  |
 No | 356 (29.1%) | 333 (27.2%) | 469 (38.4%) |  |
Passive smoking | Â | Â | Â | 0.2 |
 Yes | 128 (10.5%) | 112 (9.1%) | 190 (15.5%) |  |
 No | 236 (19.3%) | 240 (19.7%) | 316 (25.9%) |  |
Salt Intake | Â | Â | Â | 0.03 |
 Don’t know | 28 (2.3%) | 12 (1%) | 42 (3.4%) |  |
 Non-iodised | 84 (6.9%) | 82 (6.7%) | 100 (8.2%) |  |
 Iodised | 252 (20.6%) | 258 (21.1%) | 364 (29.8%) |  |
Iodine supplement | Â | Â | Â | 0.01 |
 Yes | 80 (6.6%) | 106 (8.7%) | 152 (12.4%) |  |
 No | 284 (23.2%) | 246 (20.1%) | 354 (29%) |  |