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Table 2 Complications of pregnancy by environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). Odds ratio (OR) for ETS and 95% confidence intervals (CI) unadjusted and adjusted for age, active smoking, education and parity. p-values from General Linear Model

From: Environmental tobacco smoke exposure during pregnancy affects complications and birth outcomes in women with and without asthma

 

ETS

OR (95% CI)

ETS

Asthmaa

 

No (n = 1372)

Yes (n = 231)

crude

adjusted

p-value

p-value

Any Complication

580 (42.3%)

124 (53.7%)

1.58 (1.20–2.09)

1.57 (1.18–2.09)

0.002

0.361

 Vaginal bleeding

121 (8.8%)

25 (10.8%)

1.25 (0.80–1.98)

1.28 (0.80–2.07)

0.304

0.313

 UTI

126 (9.2%)

29 (12.6%)

1.42 (0.92–2.18)

1.30 (0.83–2.03)

0.247

0.584

 Vomiting

274 (20.0%)

57 (24.7%)

1.31 (0.95–1.82)

1.32 (0.94–1.85)

0.115

0.836

 Cerclage

11 (0.8%)

1 (0.4%)

0.54 (0.07–4.19)

0.57 (0.05–6.50)

0.633

1.000

 PE

65 (4.7%)

13 (5.6%)

1.20 (0.65–2.21)

1.22 (0.64–2.31)

0.542

0.260

 Pain ≥3 wk. bef. Delivery

43 (3.1%)

12 (5.2%)

1.69 (0.88–3.26)

1.80 (0.93–3.49)

0.083

0.968

 PROM

60 (4.4%)

10 (4.3%)

0.99 (0.50–1.96)

1.04 (0.51–2.10)

0.916

0.984

 GDM

24 (1.7%)

9 (3.9%)

2.28 (1.04–4.96)

2.13 (0.94–4.83)

0.052

0.882

 Other

14 (1.0%)

1 (0.4%)

0.42 (0.06–3.22)

0.47 (0.06–3.62)

0.467

0.999

  1. UTI urinary tract infection, PE preeclampsia, PROM premature rupture of membranes, GDM gestational diabetes mellitus
  2. ap-value for interaction effect with ETS