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Table 3 Delivery Outcomes & Perinatal outcomes of Surviving newborns

From: Perinatal outcomes of babies delivered by second-stage Caesarean section versus vacuum extraction in a resource-poor setting, Nigeria – a retrospective analysis

 

Assisted Vaginal Delivery (n = 211)

Second-stage Caesarean Delivery (n = 348)

Crude OR (95% CI)

Decision to Delivery Interval

− < 30 min

197 (93.4%)

21 (6.0%)

0.01 (0.00–0.01)

− ≥ 30 min

14 (6.6%)

327 (94.0%)

 

Outcome of delivery

− IUFD during DDI

3 (1.4%)

19 (5.5%)

0.25 (0.07–0.85)

− Perinatal death

7 (3.3%)

27 (7.8%)

0.41 (0.17–0.95)

− Severe Perinatal outcome c

22 (10.4%)

42 (12.1%)

0.85 (0.49–1.47)

Timing of death

− During DDI

3 (1.4%)

19 (5.5%)

0.25 (0.07–0.85)

− Early Neonatal period d

4 (1.9%)

8 (2.3%)

0.82 (0.24–2.76)

Apgar scores at 5 minb

− ≥ 7

184 (88.5%)

294 (89.4%)

1.10 (0.63–1.90)

− 4–6 a

17 (8.2%)

29 (8.8%)

 

− < 4 a

7 (3.3%)

6 (1.8%)

 

Admission into the NICUb

− Total admissions

30 (14.4%)

46 (14.0%)

1.04 (0.63–1.70)

− Length of Stay, > 7 days

5 (2.4%)

7 (2.1%)

1.13 (0.36–3.62)

Adverse eventsb e

− Birth asphyxia

13 (6.3%)

16 (4.9%)

1.30 (0.61–2.77)

− Convulsions

5 (2.4%)

8 (2.4%)

0.99 (0.32–3.06)

− Jaundice

5 (2.4%)

6 (1.8%)

1.33 (0.40–4.40)

− Sepsis

6 (2.9%)

9 (2.7%)

1.06 (0.37–3.01)

− Breathing difficulties

3 (1.4%)

4 (1.2%)

1.19 (0.26–5.37)

− Feeding difficulties

1 (0.5%)

2 (0.6%)

0.79 (0.07–8.77)

− Severe Birth injury f

3 (1.4%)

1 (0.3%)

4.80 (0.50–46.46)

  1. Abbreviations: OR Odds Ratio, CI Confidence interval, IUFD Intrauterine Foetal Death, DDI Decision to delivery interval, NICU Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
  2. a These two were used as one category for statistics
  3. b Only surviving newborns included for this analysis (Second-stage Caesarean delivery, n = 329 & Assisted Vacuum delivery, n = 208)
  4. c Severe Perinatal Outcome defined as presence of the following: perinatal death, severe birth injury, 5-min Apgar score < 4, or convulsions
  5. d in the first week after delivery
  6. e More than one adverse event could apply
  7. f Severe Birth injury includes any of the following: dislocation of the leg, clavicular fracture, intracerebral haemorrhage or subgaleal haemorrhage