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Table 2 Characteristics of non-frequent and frequent attenders divided by referrals (N = 1015)

From: Perinatal outcomes of frequent attendance in midwifery care in the Netherlands: a retrospective cohort study

 

Non-referred frequent attender

N = 107 (10.5%)

Non-referred non-frequent attender

N = 431 (42.5%)

 

Referred frequent attender

N = 132 (13.0%)

Referred non-frequent attender

N = 345 (34.0%)

 

Consultations

  

<.01

  

<.01

 Face-to-face

Mean (sd)

15.8 (3.3)

12.0 (2.5)

 

12.6 (4.1)

7.7 (3.6)

 

Age in years

  

.26

  

.12

 mean (sd)

28.2 (5.0)

28.8 (4.7)

 

29.4 (5.1)

30.2 (4.9)

 

Level of Education*

  

.56

  

.81

 Low

8 (7.7)

48 (11.5)

 

18 (14.3)

45 (13.4)

 

 Medium

54 (51.9)

194 (46.4)

 

58 (46.0)

153 (45.7)

 

 High

42 (40.4)

176 (42.1)

 

50 (39.7)

137 (40.9)

 

Ethnic Background*

  

.69

  

.03

 Dutch

54 (50.5)

209 (48.5)

 

74 (56.1)

146 (42.4)

 

 Western Non-Dutch

9 (8.4)

48 (11.1)

 

5 (3.8)

20 (5.8)

 

 Non-Western Non-Dutch

44 (41.1)

174 (40.4)

 

53 (40.2)

178 (51.7)

 

Married/partner

103 (96.3)

419 (97.2)

.62

127 (96.2)

341 (98.8)

.06

Employed*

74 (69.8)

294 (68.7)

.80

91 (68.9)

237 (69.5)

.90

Deprived area

19 (17.8)

76 (17.6)

.98

23 (17.4)

92 (26.7)

.04

Parity

  

.46

  

.29

 Nulliparous

56 (52.3)

206 (47.8)

 

65 (49.2)

153 (44.3)

 

 Multiparous

51 (47.7)

225 (52.2)

 

67 (50.8)

192 (55.7)

 

Start of conception*

  

.99

  

.16

 Spontaneous

102 (96.2)

410 (96.2)

 

116 (88.5)

325 (94.8)

 

 Assisted

4 (3.8)

16 (3.8)

 

15 (11.5)

18 (5.2)

 

Psychosocial problems*

  

.51

  

<.01

 Yes in the past

25 (23.4)

80 (18.7)

 

33 (25.0)

64 (18.6)

 

 Yes at present

8 (7.5)

27 (6.3)

 

27 (20.5)

25 (7.2)

 

Sexual violence*

17 (16.0)

37 (8.6)

.03

32 (24.2)

41 (11.9)

<.01

Smoking*

32 (29.9)

82 (19.1)

.01

44 (33.3)

77 (22.4)

.02

Alcohol use*

8 (7.5)

14 (3.3)

.05

10 (7.6)

10 (2.9)

.02

Drugs addiction*

1 (0.9)

8 (1.9)

.51

8 (6.1)

5 (1.5)

.01

BMI*

  

.67

  

.21

 Overweight

23 (21.5)

91 (21.3)

 

46 (34.8)

88 (25.6)

 

 Obese

5 (4.7)

39 (9.1)

 

22 (16.7)

67 (19.5)

 
  1. *sample size varies due to missing data; valid percentages are shown
  2. **standard deviation; #p ≤ .05;~p ≤ .01