Table 1 Newborn’s anthropometric measures at birth by maternal characteristics in the BAPC project
Variable | N(%) | Weight in grams Mean (SD) | Length in centimeters Mean (SD) | Head circumference in centimeters Mean (SD) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographic characteristics | ||||
Maternal age | ||||
> 15 | 3 (0.27) | 2666.66 (351.18) | 47.33 (2.08) | 40.97 (0.19) |
16–25 | 439 (39.20) | 3033.03 (499.29) | 48.50 (2.48) | 41.31 (2.67) |
26–35 | 583 (52.05) | 3015.00 (551.12) | 48.30 (2.84) | 41.26 (2.48) |
< 35 | 95 (8.48) | 3040.42 (537.74) | 48.71 (1.95) | 41.36 (2.70) |
Maternal education | ||||
illiterate | 51 (4.55) | 3121.96 (704.28) | 48.29 (2.80) | 41.37 (2.70) |
Below diploma | 916 (81.79) | 3016.72 (531.46) | 48.38 (2.61) | 41.29 (2.59) |
academic | 153 (13.66) | 3029.73 (444.95) | 48.66 (2.72) | 41.23 (2.40) |
Maternal job | ||||
With income | 28 (2.5) | 2987.14 (405.61) | 48.53 (2.45) | 40.86 (2.90) |
Without income | 1092 (97.50) | 3024.22 (532.53) | 48.41 (2.64) | 41.30 (2.56) |
SES (Item) | ||||
> 4 | 628 (56.07) | 3028.14 (538.14) | 48.64 (2.52) | 41.46 (2.60) |
≤ 4 | 492 (43.93) | 3017.10 (519.03) | 48.12 (2.74) | 41.07 (2.52) |
Household Monthly expenditure (US$) | ||||
≤ 41.00 | 639 (57.05) | 3026.04 (522.58) | 48.24 (2.63) | 41.30 (2.61) |
41.00–83.99 | 220 (19.64) | 2992.59 (514.07) | 48.64 (2.50) | 41.48 (2.51) |
84.00–166.99 | 215 (19.20) | 3044.81 (577.72) | 48.63 (2.73) | 41.07 (2.47) |
> 167.00 | 46 (4.11) | 3031.30 (472.18) | 48.79 (2.69) | 41.18 (2.73) |
Family size | ||||
≤ 4 | 1005 (89.73) | 3017.02 (537.95) | 48.60 (2.52) | 41.40 (2.58) |
> 4 | 115 (10.27) | 3078.08 (448.68) | 48.10 (2.74)* | 41.07 (2.53)* |
Pregnancy characteristics | ||||
Receiving prenatal care from Healthcare centers | ||||
Regular | 391 (34.91) | 3028.63 (524.22) | 48.47 (2.36) | 41.19 (2.53) |
Irregular | 717 (64) | 3018.02 (534.38) | 48.37 (2.79) | 41.34 (2.60) |
Not received | 12 (1.07) | 3164.16 (423.24) | 48.70 (1.25) | 41.09 (1.77) |
Maternal Self-rated health | ||||
Poor/very poor | 10 (0.89) | 3400.00 (507.71) | 47.95 (3.93) | 40.52 (2.80) |
Medium | 77 (6.88) | 2978.83 (603.31) | 48.27 (2.67) | 41.26 (2.43) |
good /excellent | 1033 (92.23) | 3022.96 (523.04)* | 48.43 (2.62) | 41.30 (2.58) |
Anemia during pregnancy | ||||
Yes | 311 (27.77) | 3020.87 (487.68) | 48.46 (2.37) | 41.29 (2.46) |
No | 809 (72.23) | 3024.22 (545.17) | 48.39 (2.73) | 41.29 (2.61) |
Delivery type | ||||
Vaginal | 647 (57.77) | 3038.44 (472.93) | 48.57 (2.48) | 41.34 (2.61) |
Cesarean | 473 (42.23) | 3002.56 (598.45) | 48.20 (2.82)* | 41.22 (2.52) |
Infant sex | ||||
Boy | 568 (50.71) | 3100.70 (540.63) | 48.63 (2.76) | 41.47 (2.68) |
Girl | 552 (49.29) | 2943.64 (506.32)* | 48.18 (2.48) | 41.10 (2.44) |
Preterm delivery | ||||
Yes | 70 (6.25) | 2233.35 (780.19) | 45.37 (4.81) | 41.12 (3.26) |
No | 1050 (93.75) | 3067.34 (465.62)* | 48.62 (2.28) | 41.30 (2.52) |
Water pipe smoking | ||||
Never smoker | 969 (86.52) | 3035.18 (527.08) | 48.48 (2.62) | 41.24 (2.57) |
Quitter | 89 (7.95) | 2914.12 (510.89) | 47.96 (2.51) | 41.35 (2.64) |
Always Smoker | 62 (5.54) | 2848.30 (574.78) | 48.00 (2.90) | 41.96 (2.50) |
Second-hand tobacco smoking | ||||
Yes | 183 (16.40) | 3042.30 (502.80) | 48.30 (2.85) | 41.27 (2.35) |
No | 937 (83.60) | 3009.90 (535.90) | 48.40 (2.59) | 41.29 (2.61) |