Table 1 Clinical characteristics of diamniotic conjoined twins
From: Three-dimensional ultrasonographic features of diamniotic conjoined twins with body stalk anomaly
Study | Yolk sac no. | Twin characteristics | Umbilical cord | Gestational age, wk |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Kapur R P 1994 [1] | single | Conjoined bowels in communicating omphalocele sac, shared persistent cloaca | Two separate umbilical cords, each containing 2 arteries and 1 vein | 16 |
Costa S L 2006 [6] | NR | Conjoined bowels in communicating omphalocele sac, a shared bladder, anal atresia | NR | NR |
Karnak I 2008 [4] | NR | Conjoined bowels in communicating omphalocele sac, cloacal anomaly | Two separate umbilical cords, each containing 3 vessels | NR |
Tihtonen K 2009 [5] | NR | Conjoined bowels in communicating omphalocele sac | Shared umbilical cord with 4 arteries and 2 veins | 18 |
Destephano C C 2010 [7] | single | Joined in abdominal region only (omphalopagus) | A bifurcated umbilical cord | 11 |
Weston P J 2010 | single | Conjoined bowels in communicating omphalocele sac, anal atresia, hypoplasia | Shared umbilical cord with 2 separate sets of blood vessels | After birth |
Wielgos M 2014 [2] | NR | Conjoined bowels in communicating omphalocele sac | Two separate umbilical cords | 27 |
Maruyama H 2015 [8] | single | Conjoined bowels, anal atresia | Shared short umbilical cord | 12 |
Nupur Shah 2019 [9] | single | Joined at the periumbilical region | A bifurcated umbilical cord | 8 |