Table 3 Predictors of using caesarean section services in Gambia

Age (15–19)

1

1

1

20–24

0.691 [0.284,1.682]

0.985 [0.267,3.633]

0.474 [0.130,1.737]

25–29

0.971 [0.418,2.255]

1.363 [0.389,4.775]

0.639 [0.191,2.141]

30–34

0.749 [0.310,1.808]

1.004 [0.278,3.627]

0.534 [0.141,2.024]

35–39

1.322 [0.531,3.294]

1.614 [0.435,5.985]

1.251 [0.304,5.155]

40–44

0.847 [0.274,2.621]

1.236 [0.270,5.661]

0.532 [0.0771,3.679]

45–49

3.341^* [1.049,10.64]

4.380 [0.834,23.00]

2.931 [0.526,16.35]

Residency (Urban)

1

1

1

Rural

0.619 [0.325,1.177]

Education (No Education)

1

1

1

Primary

1.459 [0.874,2.435]

1.130 [0.586,2.182]

2.016 [0.883,4.599]

Secondary

1.284 [0.794,2.078]

0.981 [0.568,1.695]

2.609 [0.984,6.914]

Higher

2.122^* [1.002,4.493]

1.449 [0.640,3.283]

13.22^* [1.742,100.3]

Husband’s education (No Education)

1

1

1

Incomplete Primary

1.755 [0.928,3.319]

1.953 [0.913,4.180]

1.336 [0.381,4.679]

Incomplete Secondary

1.013 [0.644,1.595]

1.142 [0.675,1.930]

0.568 [0.200,1.614]

Higher

1.006 [0.514,1.969]

1.132 [0.535,2.396]

0.372 [0.0596,2.322]

Employment (Not Working)

1

1

1

Professional/Technical/Managerial

1.608^* [1.078,2.398]

1.245 [0.797,1.944]

3.839^** [1.576,9.350]

Agricultural - Self Employed

0.885 [0.501,1.561]

1.129 [0.445,2.867]

1.182 [0.504,2.775]

Wealth quintile (Poorest)

1

1

1

Poorer

0.734 [0.353,1.525]

0.937 [0.126,6.955]

0.666 [0.297,1.490]

Middle

1.401 [0.722,2.719]

1.547 [0.321,7.452]

1.294 [0.586,2.859]

Richer

1.276 [0.583,2.790]

1.632 [0.368,7.237]

1.202 [0.260,5.560]

Richest

3.014^** [1.373,6.615]

4.166 [0.950,18.27]

2.147^** [1.366,4.489]

Has media access (No)

1

1

1

Yes

0.708 [0.370,1.352]

0.392 [0.153,1.007]

0.879 [0.346,2.232]

Religion (Islam)

1

1

1

Other

0.991 [0.320,3.065]

1.196 [0.373,3.834]

0.965 [0.814,1.145]

Ethnicity (Mandinka/Jahanka)

1

1

1

Wollof

0.933 [0.524,1.662]

1.079 [0.539,2.158]

0.813 [0.271,2.442]

Jola/Karoninka

0.989 [0.511,1.912]

1.081 [0.498,2.347]

0.883 [0.241,3.236]

Fula/Tukulur/Lorobo

1.195 [0.738,1.933]

1.595 [0.865,2.943]

0.803 [0.360,1.790]

Serahuleh

1.056 [0.490,2.277]

1.071 [0.385,2.981]

1.105 [0.339,3.604]

Other

1.037 [0.602,1.789]

1.218 [0.659,2.249]

0.615 [0.133,2.840]

Parity (1–5)

1

1

1

> 5

0.853 [0.490,1.486]

0.796 [0.388,1.636]

0.844 [0.320,2.227]

Household head’s sex (Male)

1

1

1

Female

1.468 [0.992,2.172]

1.508 [0.976,2.328]

1.188 [0.438,3.220]

Child wantedness (Wanted Then)

1

1

1

Wanted No More

1.269 [0.808,1.993]

1.034 [0.586,1.827]

1.803 [0.840,3.870]

Antenatal Visits (< 4)

1

1

1

4 or more

1.443 [0.874,2.380]

1.753 [0.913,3.367]

1.023 [0.464,2.258]