Skip to main content

Table 2 Trends in stillbirth rate among women’s who gave birth in the last five years prior to the surveys by selected characteristics 2005, 2011, and 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Surveys

From: Trends of stillbirth among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia based on Ethiopian demographic and health surveys: a multivariate decomposition analysis

Characteristics

2005

N = 12037

2011

N = 10588

2016

N = 11375

point difference in stillbirth rate

Phase 1

2011–2005

Phase 2

2016–2011

Phase 3

2016–2005

Residence

 Urban

14.7

6.3

0.8

−8.4

−5.5

−13.9

 Rural

13.2

16.8

10.2

3.6

−6.6

−3.0

Religion

 Orthodox

13.4

17.9

12.7

4.5

−5.2

−0.7

 Muslim

9.8

14.7

11.0

4.9

− 3.7

1.2

 Other*

15.6

12.6

1.3

−3.0

−11.3

−14.3

Maternal age

  < 20

17.4

11.2

17.1

−6.2

5.9

−0.3

 20–29

12.9

18.2

9.3

5.3

−8.9

−3.6

 30–39

11.5

13.1

7.8

1.6

−5.3

−3.7

 40 +

19.4

10.8

11.4

−8.6

0.6

−8.0

Maternal occupation

 Had occupation

9.6

17.5

11.8

7.9

−5.7

2.2

 No occupation

14.9

13.7

7.1

−1.2

−6.6

−7.8

Women’s education

 No education

14.9

17.4

10.8

2.5

−6.6

−4.1

 Primary education

4.4

11.0

5.9

6.6

−5.1

1.5

 Secondary and above

18.8

10.6

6.4

−8.2

−4.2

−12.4

Parity

 1

26.9

32.8

16.3

5.9

−16.5

− 10.6

 2–4

13.0

14.1

11.1

1.1

−3.0

−1.9

  ≥ 5

13.3

12.7

5.1

−0.6

−7.6

−8.2

Birth order

 1–3

16.3

18.0

13.2

1.7

−4.8

−3.1

 4–5

6.9

14.8

6.6

7.9

−8.2

−0.3

  ≥ 6

13.5

10.9

3.8

−2.6

−7.1

−9.7

Place of delivery

 Home

12.7

15.8

8.1

3.1

−7.7

−4.6

 Health facility

24.5

9.5

11.3

−15.0

1.8

−13.2

Mode of delivery

 Caesarean section

53.3

23.0

29.9

−33.3

6.9

−23.4

 Vaginal delivery

13.0

15.1

8.5

2.1

−6.6

−4.5

Number of ANC visit

 No visit

15.7

21.4

15.4

5.7

− 6.0

−0.3

 1–3 visit

13.0

15.9

8.3

2.9

−7.6

−4.7

  ≥ 4 visit

19.5

11.0

7.0

−8.5

−4.0

−12.5

Maternal anemia

 Yes

8.1

31.9

12.0

23.8

−19.9

3.9

 No

14.9

11.9

7.8

−3.0

−4.1

−7.1

Wealth index

 Poorest

10.5

17.7

9.5

6.2

−8.2

−1.0

 Poorer

9.7

15.6

11.5

5.9

−4.1

1.8

 Middle

13.8

23.5

10.2

9.7

−13.3

−3.6

 Richer

19.0

11.6

6.9

−7.4

−4.7

−12.1

 Richest

14.1

5.9

6.2

−8.2

0.3

−7.9

BMI

 Thin

12.3

15.0

10.4

2.7

−4.6

−1.9

 Normal

13.7

16.3

9.1

2.6

−7.2

−4.6

 Overweight

42.3

7.1

6.3

−35.2

−0.8

−36.0

Maternal height

  < 150 cm

13.0

37.3

15.3

24.3

−22.0

2.3

  ≥ 150 cm

13.0

12.4

8.4

−0.6

−4.0

−4.6

Preceding birth interval

  < 24 month

8.9

10.6

11.8

1.7

1.2

2.9

  ≥ 24 months

12.1

14.1

8.6

2.0

−5.5

−3.5

Was the pregnancy wanted

 Yes

11.8

15.4

9.6

3.6

−5.8

−2.2

 No

13.6

12.6

5.0

−1.0

−7.6

−8.6

Ever use contraceptive

 Yes

20.4

13.5

5.9

−6.9

−7.6

−14.5

 No

11.4

17.0

12.0

5.6

−5.0

0.6

Media exposure

 Yes

11.4

15.5

3.3

4.1

−12.2

−8.1

 No

16.7

15.4

10.0

−1.3

−5.4

−6.7

Overall

13.3[11.4,15.5]

15.4[13.2,17.9]

9.2[7.6,11.1]

2.1

−6.2

−4.1

  1. *represents protestant, catholic and traditional religion followers