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Table 8 Significant association (P < 0.15) between factors and breastfeeding duration among CMI, revealed by univariate logistic regression analyses (Results of Phase 1)

From: Breastfeeding practices 2008–2009 among Chinese mothers living in Ireland: a mixed methods study

 

Breastfed ≥4 months

Unadjusted OR (95% CI)

Mean ± SD

 

Socio-demographic factors

 Mother’s age at time of childbirth (years)

28.9 ± 4.72

1.05 (0.99–1.11)

 Length of Irish residency at time of interview (years)

7.4 ± 4.78

0.95 (0.897–1.001)

 Child’s current age (years)

8.1 ± 5.08

0.91 (0.85–0.99)*

n (%)

 

Mother‘s birthplace

 Mainland China

98 (41.7)

2.31 (1.04–5.09)*

 Hong Kong

9 (23.7)

1

Education level

 Tertiary

71 (50.0)

2.69 (1.63–4.46)*

 Primary/Secondary

36 (27.1)

1

Current occupation

 Self-employed/ Professional work

30 (48.4)

1.95 (1.04–3.65)*

 Non-professional work

38 (42.2)

1.52 (0.86–2.67)

 Housewife

39 (32.5)

1

Mother has been breastfed

 Yes

100 (43.1)

3.90 (1.67–9.12)*

 No/Don’t know

7 (16.3)

1

Husband’s education level

 Tertiary

56 (50.0)

2.18 (1.32–3.58)*

 Primary/Secondary

51 (31.5)

1

Husband’s occupation

 Self-employed/ Professional work

42 (48.3)

1.74 (1.03–2.92)*

 Non-professional work/ unemployed

64 (35.0)

1

Husband’s nationality

 Chinese

87 (36.2)

1

 Irish

12 (54.5)

2.11 (0.88–5.09)

 Other nationality

7 (63.6)

3.08 (0.88–10.81)

Social support and influence

Feeding information obtained from mother’s own mother

 Yes

74 (46.5)

2.19 (1.32–3.65)*

 No

33 (28.4)

1

Feeding information obtained from antenatal classes

 Yes

37 (50.0)

1.87 (1.09–3.21)*

 No

70 (34.8)

1

Child was looked after by maternal grandmother

 Yes

17 (56.7)

2.52 (1.05–4.85)*

 No

90 (36.7)

1

Child was looked after by paternal grandmother

 Yes

4 (18.2)

0.32 (0.11–0.98)*

 No

103 (40.7)

1

Behavioural factors

Maternal breastfeeding experience

 Had given birth to and breastfed the other child (ren)

33 (44.0)

1

 Had given birth to but not breastfed any other child (ren)

3 (11.1)

0.16 (0.04–0.57)*

 Did not have birth nor breastfeeding experience

71 (41.5)

0.90 (0.52–1.56)

Newborn bed shared with mother

 Yes

37 (54.4)

2.34 (1.34–4.08)*

 No

70 (33.8)

1

1st time to breastfeed

  ≤ 1 h after childbirth

56 (58.9)

3.63 (2.16–6.12)*

  > 1 h or never

51 (28.3)

1

1st time to feed with formula

  ≥ 1 week or never

53 (63.9)

4.52 (2.61–7.80)*

  < 1 week

54 (28.1)

1

Child was fed

 On demand

59 (55.1)

3.07 (1.85–5.10)*

 In routine milk

48 (28.6)

1

Cultural postpartum diet consumption

 Yes

75 (54.3)

3.91 (2.33–6.56)*

 No

32 (23.4)

1

Attitudinal factors

Feeding decision was made

 Before pregnancy

71 (50.0)

13.00 (3.84–44.02)*

 During pregnancy

33 (36.3)

7.40 (2.12–25.81)*

 After the child was born

3 (7.1)

1

Planned breastfeeding duration

  ≥ 4 months

95 (62.9)

15.83 (8.02–31.28)*

  < 4 months/never

12 (9.7)

1

I do not like breastfeeding.

 Disagree

99 (47.1)

6.36 (2.89–13.97)*

 Agree/Don’t know

8 (12.3)

1

Formula feeding is more convenient than breastfeeding.

 Disagree

58 (54.2)

2.88 (1.73–4.77)*

 Agree/Don’t know

49 (29.2)

1

I would feel embarrassed if someone saw me breastfeeding.

 Disagree

58 (48.7)

2.08 (1.27–3.40)*

 Agree/Don’t know

49 (31.4)

1

Mean ± SD

 

Awareness of the advantages of breastfeeding (score)

4.2 ± 0.64

2.12 (1.46–3.08)*

  1. *P < 0.05
  2. Biomedical factors were not included in this table as none of the variables had a significant association (P < 0.15) with breastfeeding duration among CMI