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Table 1 Sample Characteristics

From: Midwives’ engagement in smoking- and alcohol-prevention in prenatal care before and after the introduction of practice guidelines in Switzerland: comparison of survey findings from 2008 and 2018

 

Year of study: 2008

(n = 227)

Year of study: 2018

(n = 300)

Chi2/t-test

p

Age M (SD)

45.17 (7.73)

42.76 (10.12)

2.968

0.003

Female gender (%)

226 (100)

298 (99.3)

1.512

0.219

Years since graduation M (SD)

19.40 (9.04)

16.53 (9.80)

3.433

0.001

Employment settinga

 Hospital only (%)

60 (26.4)

89 (29.8)

0.655

0.418

 Hospital & additional setting (%)

81 (35.8)

NA

  

 Self-employed only (%)

103 (45.4)

193 (64.5)

  

 Self-employed & additional setting (%)

145(64.2)

NA

  

 Doctor’s practice only (%)

2 (0.9)

4 (1.3)

  

 Other facility only (%)

18 (7.9)

13 (4.3)

  

 Hospital & Self-Employed (%)

14 (6.1)

NA

  

 Hospital & Doctor’s practice (%)

1 (0.4)

NA

  

 Self- employed & Other facility (%)

23 (10.1)

NA

  

 Self-employed & Hospital & Doctor’s practice (%)

2 (0.9)

NA

  

 Self-employed & Hospital & Other facility (%)

4 (1.8)

NA

  

Number of pregnancy checks M (SD)

5.36 (3.90)

5.32 (5.75)

0.088

0.930

Gestational week of 1st pregnancy check M (SD)

17.18 (8.01)

19.11 (7.50)

−2.852

0.005

  1. n of participants meeting pregnant women for the first time before the 38th gestational week
  2. a In the 2008 assessment multiple responses were possible, i.e. midwives could indicate to be employed in more than one setting. In the 2018 assessment only one response option was possible (i.e. midwives indicated only their main employment setting). Additional Chi2 calculations were conducted comparing ‘hospital & additional setting’ in 2008 [81 (35.8%)] with ‘hospital’ in 2018 [89 (29.8)] that revealed a non-significant difference: Chi2 (1) = 2.169, p = 0.141; and comparing ‘self-employed & additional setting’ in 2008 [145(64.2%)] with ‘self-employed’ in 2018 [193 (64.5%)] again with a non-significant difference Chi2 (1) = 0.009, p > 0.927