Table 1 Overview of included studies
Quantitative (n = 19) | Qualitative (n = 26) | Mixed Methods (n = 1) | Total (n = 46) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Year of publication | ||||
1998–2002 | 7 | 5 | – | 12 |
2003–2007 | 5 | 6 | – | 11 |
2008–2012 | 2 | 7 | – | 9 |
2013–2018 | 5 | 8 | 1 | 14 |
Region of study | ||||
Australia | 5 | 5 | – | 10 |
United Kingdom | 3 | 3 | – | 6 |
United States and Canada | 8 | 13 | 1 | 22 |
Europe | 3 | 4 | – | 7 |
The Middle East | – | 1 | – | 1 |
Informant group | ||||
Men | 3 | 13 | – | 16 |
Men and women | 15 | 12 | 1 | 28 |
Men and service providers | – | 1 | – | 1 |
Men, women and service providers | – | 1 | – | 1 |
Total study sample sizea | ||||
10 or under | 1 | 9 | – | 10 |
11–50 | 3 | 16 | – | 19 |
51–100 | 3 | – | 1 | 4 |
101–200 | 6 | 1 | – | 7 |
201–300 | 2 | – | – | 2 |
301–500 | 2 | – | – | 2 |
500+ | 2 | – | – | 2 |
Number of male participants | ||||
10 or under | 1 | 18 | – | 19 |
11–50 | 6 | 7 | 1 | 14 |
51–100 | 4 | – | – | 4 |
101–200 | 4 | 1 | – | 5 |
201–300 | – | – | – | – |
301–500 | 3 | – | – | 3 |
Unspecified | 1 | – | – | 1 |
Loss type | ||||
Miscarriage | 9 | 8 | – | 17 |
Recurrent miscarriage (3+) | 1 | 1 | – | 2 |
Stillbirth | 1 | 8 | 1 | 10 |
Neonatal death | – | – | – | – |
Medical termination for nonviable anomaly | 1 | 1 | – | 2 |
Combination (pregnancy and neonatal losses) | 7 | 8 | – | 15 |
Primary outcome focus | ||||
Grief | 16 | 5 | 1 | 22 |
Other | 3 | 21 | – | 24 |