Method of Assessment | Healthcare providers’ review | Computer-based algorithms | Expert panel review | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cause of Death | ASBa n = 532% (n) | ISBa n = 643% (n) | Totalb n = 1267% (n) | ASBa n = 526% (n) | ISBa n = 599% (n) | Totalb n = 1215% (n) | ASB a n = 532% (n) | ISBa n = 643% (n) | Totalb n = 1267% (n) |
Asphyxia | 9.6 (51) | 26.6 (171) | 18.5 (234) | 6.3 (33) | 69.4 (416) | 37.4 (455) | 10.3 (55) | 29.7 (191) | 20.4 (258) |
Placental disorders | 13.0 (69) | 15.1 (97) | 15.1 (191) | 10.6 (56) | 5.2 (31) | 8.4 (102) | 10.7 (57) | 13.4 (86) | 13.1 (166) |
Hypertensive disorders | 14.5 (77) | 13.2 (85) | 13.6 (172) | 8.7 (46) | 1.5 (9) | 5.1 (62) | 15.0 (80) | 12.3 (79) | 13.3 (169) |
Cord problems | 5.3 (28) | 7.9 (51) | 6.5 (82) | 2.9 (15) | 3.3 (20) | 3.3 (40) | 4.5 (24) | 7.8 (50) | 6.2 (78) |
Infectious conditions | 10.0 (53) | 4.4 (28) | 6.6 (84) | 14.4 (76) | 3.8 (23) | 9.0 (109) | 7.7 (41) | 2.8 (18) | 4.7 (60) |
Amniotic problems | 3.9 (21) | 3.9 (25) | 3.7 (47) | – | – | – | 3.4 (18) | 3.7 (24) | 3.4 (43) |
Congenital anomalies | 1.7 (9) | 3.1 (20) | 2.4 (31) | 3.0 (16) | 0.7 (4) | 1.8 (22) | 1.9 (10) | 3.1 (20) | 2.5 (32) |
Ruptured uterus | 2.6 (14) | 7.0 (45) | 5.2 (66) | 2.9 (15) | 1.7 (10) | 2.6 (32) | 3.0 (16) | 7.8 (50) | 5.7 (72) |
Diabetes | 0.9 (5) | 0.3 (2) | 0.6 (7) | 0.2 (1) | 0.2 (1) | 0.2 (2) | 0.6 (3) | 0.3 (2) | 0.4 (5) |
Fetal growth restriction | – | – | – | 19.4 (102) | 5.0 (30) | 12.9 (157) | 0.4 (2) | 0.6 (4) | 0.5 (6) |
Deep vein thrombosis | 0.2 (1) | – | 0.1 (1) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Iatrogenic | – | 0.2 (1) | 0.1 (1) | 0.2 (1) | – | 0.1 (1) | – | – | – |
Post-maturity | – | 0.2 (1) | 0.1 (1) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Prematurity | 5.8 (31) | 1.4 (9) | 3.3 (42) | – | – | – | 3.4 (18) | 0.5 (3) | 1.7 (21) |
Rhesus isoimmunisation | 0.2 (1) | 0.3 (2) | 0.2 (3) | 0.2 (1) | – | 0.1 (1) | – | – | – |
Sickle cell disease | 0.2 (1) | 0.2 (1) | 0.2 (2) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Anaemia in pregnancy | 1.7 (9) | 1.4 (9) | 1.4 (18) | – | – | – | 0.6 (3) | 0.5 (3) | 0.5 (6) |
Traditional abortive herbs | 0.2 (1) | – | 0.1 (1) | – | – | – | 0.2 (1) | – | 0.1 (1) |
Trauma (external) | 0.8 (4) | 0.5 (3) | 0.6 (7) | 0.2 (1) | 0.2 (1) | 0.2 (2) | 0.8 (4) | 0.3 (2) | 0.5 (6) |
Birth trauma | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.8 (4) | 0.8 (5) | 0.7 (9) |
Twin-twin transfusion | – | – | – | 0.6 (3) | 0.8 (5) | 0.1 (12) | – | – | – |
Unknown % (n) | 29.5 (157) | 14.5 (93) | 21.9 (277) | 31.6 (166) | 6.8 (41) | 17.9 (218) | 36.8 (196) | 16.5 (106) | 26.4 (335) |