Table 3 Factors associated with placenta accreta spectrum: results from univariate and logistic regression analyses

Placenta previa

17.13

10.48–28.01

< 0.001

12.86

7.70–21.45

< 0.001

ART pregnancy

8.02

5.64–11.39

< 0.001

6.78

4.54–10.14

< 0.001

 Never smoker

Ref

–

–

Ref

–

–

 Quit smoking during early pregnancy

0.74

0.46–1.17

0.193

0.83

0.51–1.35

0.452

 Smoking during pregnancy

1.83

1.11–3.01

0.017

1.95

1.15–3.31

0.013

 0

Ref

–

–

Ref

–

–

 1

0.95

0.54–1.66

0.850

0.87

0.49–1.53

0.618

 ≥ 2

2.49

1.36–4.59

0.003

2.51

1.35–4.67

0.004

Uterine anomaly

5.31

1.69–16.70

0.004

3.97

1.24–12.68

0.020

Adenomyosis

3.05

0.76–12.35

0.118

1.77

0.41–7.52

0.442

Endometriosis

1.67

0.93–2.99

0.087

0.81

0.42–1.55

0.525

Uterine myoma

1.52

0.93–2.46

0.092

1.02

0.61–1.69

0.951

 ≤ 19 years

1.21

0.30–4.87

0.792

1.68

0.38–7.48

0.494

 20–24 years

Ref

–

–

Ref

–

–

 25–29 years

0.73

0.52–1.02

0.062

1.05

0.56–1.96

0.878

 30–34 years

0.86

0.64–1.16

0.333

1.06

0.58–1.95

0.848

 35–39 years

1.46

1.08–1.98

0.014

1.23

0.66–2.30

0.516

 ≥ 40 years

2.05

1.27–3.34

0.004

1.41

0.66–3.01

0.373

 0

Ref

–

–

Ref

–

–

 1

1.17

0.78–1.76

0.442

1.30

0.85–1.97

0.224

 ≥ 2

1.32

0.72–2.43

0.369

1.29

0.68–2.45

0.433