Table 1 Demographic characteristic of the sample (N = 956)
Variables | N | % |
|---|---|---|
Maternal age (years) | ||
  < 25 | 48 | 5.0 |
 25–29 | 441 | 46.1 |
 30–34 | 348 | 36.4 |
  ≥ 35 | 119 | 12.5 |
Maternal education attainment | ||
  ≤ Junior school | 32 | 3.3 |
 High school | 122 | 12.8 |
  ≥ College graduate | 802 | 83.9 |
Pre-pregnancy BMIa (kg/m2) | ||
  < 18.5 | 4 | 0.4 |
 18.5–23.9 | 181 | 18.9 |
  ≥ 24 | 771 | 80.6 |
Household income (yuan) | ||
  < 2000 | 31 | 3.2 |
 2000–5000 | 521 | 54.5 |
 5001–10,000 | 367 | 38.4 |
  > 10,000 | 37 | 3.9 |
Mode of delivery | ||
 Vaginal delivery | 575 | 60.1 |
 Cesarean delivery | 381 | 39.9 |
Gestational age (weeks) | ||
  < 28 | 0 | 0 |
 28–36 | 46 | 4.8 |
 37–42 | 910 | 95.2 |
  > 42 | 0 | 0 |
Pregnancy-related complications | ||
 No | 819 | 85.7 |
 Yes | 137 | 14.3 |
Active smoking during pregnancy | Â | |
 No | 947 | 99.1 |
 Yes | 9 | 0.9 |
Passive smoking during pregnancy | ||
 No | 863 | 90.3 |
 Yes | 93 | 9.7 |
Parity | ||
 Nulliparous | 686 | 71.8 |
 Multiparous | 270 | 28.2 |
Screened positive for symptoms of PND (EPDS ≥10) | ||
 No | 900 | 94.1 |
 Yes | 56 | 5.9 |
Screened positive for major PND (EPDS ≥13) | ||
 No | 927 | 97.0 |
 Yes | 29 | 3.0 |
Using feeding-bottle/ nipple before breastfed | ||
 No | 791 | 82.7 |
 Yes | 165 | 17.3 |
Infant gender | ||
 Male | 493 | 51.6 |
 Female | 463 | 48.4 |
Initiation of breastfeeding (hours) | ||
  < 1 | 725 | 75.8 |
 1–24 | 118 | 12.3 |
  > 24 | 113 | 11.8 |