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Table 2 Pregnant women’s sanitation access and use with unadjusted odds ratios for adverse pregnancy outcomes

From: Effects of sanitation practices on adverse pregnancy outcomes in India: a conducive finding from recent Indian demographic health survey

Characteristics

Odds ratio

95% Confidence interval

Lower limit

Upper limit

Access to toilet

 No access®

1

  

 In house

0.77***

0.748

0.792

 Shared toilet

0.93***

0.899

0.972

Type of Toilet

 No toilet®

1

  

 Flush toilet

0.80***

0.776

0.822

 Pit latrine

0.75***

0.713

0.787

 Other

0.97

0.921

1.024

Availability of water

 No availability®

1

  

 Available

0.87***

0.842

0.901

Availability of hand wash

 No availability®

1

  

 Available

0.88***

0.861

0.908

  1. ***p < 0.01, **p < .05, *p < 0.1
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BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth

ISSN: 1471-2393

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