Skip to main content

Table 4 Associations between self-reported fear of partner or ex-partner and post-natal depression, birth outcomes, and breast feeding behaviours in South Western Sydney and Sydney Local Health Districts in 2014 (N = 17,564)

From: Intimate partner violence identified through routine antenatal screening and maternal and perinatal health outcomes

     Complete case Multiple imputation.
n N % OR (95% CI) (a) P value OR (95% CI) (b) P value OR (95% CI) (a) P value OR (95% CI) (b) P value
Postnatal depressive symptom
 Fear of partner or ex-partner
  No 822 28,679 2.9 1.00   1.00   1.00   1.00  
  Yes 37 394 9.4 3.51 (2.49–4.96) < 0.001 3.53 (2.50–5.00) < 0.001 4.06 (2.94–5.59) < 0.001 4.04 (2.93–5.58) < 0.001
Low birth weight (< 2500 g)
 Fear of partner or ex-partner
  No 1631 35,996 4.5 1.00   1.00   1.00   1.00  
  Yes 37 497 7.4 1.69 (1.21–2.38) 0.002 1.58 (1.12–2.22) 0.009 1.79 (1.36–2.35) < 0.001 1.65 (1.25–2.17) < 0.001
Gestational age (< 37 weeks)
 Fear of partner or ex-partner
  No 4314 35,823 12.0 1.00   1.00   1.00   1.00  
  Yes 81 495 16.4 1.43 (1.12–1.82) 0.004 1.38 (1.08–1.76) 0.009 1.52 (1.21–1.91) < 0.001 1.45 (1.15–1.82) 0.002
No early initiation of breast feeding
 Fear of partner or ex-partner
  No 3185 31,166 10.2 1.00   1.00   1.00   1.00  
  Yes 71 423 16.8 1.77 (1.37–2.29) < 0.001 1.67 (1.28–2.17) < 0.001 1.83 (1.46–2.30) < 0.001 1.63 (1.29–2.06) < 0.001
Non-EBF at discharge.
 Fear of partner or ex-partner
  No 3642 34,288 10.6 1.00   1.00   1.00   1.00  
  Yes 78 458 17.0 1.73 (1.35–2.21) < 0.001 1.60 (1.24–2.06) < 0.001 1.92 (1.53–2.40) < 0.001 1.69 (1.33–2.13) < 0.001
Non-EBF at first post-natal visit.
 Fear of partner or ex-partner
  No 4672 30,996 15.1 1.00   1.00   1.00   1.00  
  Yes 83 417 19.9 1.40 (1.10–1.78) 0.006 1.27 (0.99–1.64) 0.060 1.68 (1.36–2.08) < 0.001 1.45 (1.16–1.81) < 0.001
  1. Notes: (a): Unadjusted Odds Ratio (b): Adjusted for maternal age, socio-economic status, Indigenous status, alcohol consumption during pregnancy, smoking during pregnancy, body mass index, history of antenatal problems, antenatal depression, and intervention during birth
Back to article page

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth

ISSN: 1471-2393

Contact us