Skip to main content

Table 1 Equilibrium test of demographic characteristics between the case and control groups

From: High starchy food intake may increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes: a nested case-control study in the Shaanxi province of Northwestern China

 

Total

Overall adverse pregnancy outcomes

χ2

P

N (%)

Case(N = 63)

Control(N = 237)

Age

  ≤ 25

25 (8.3)

1 (1.6)

24 (10.1)

16.957

0.001*

 26–30

173 (57.7)

31 (49.2)

142 (59.9)

  

 31–35

77 (25.7)

19 (30.2)

58 (24.5)

  

  > 35

25 (8.3)

12 (19.0)

13 (5.5)

  

Residence

 suburb/rural

276 (92.0)

54 (85.7)

222 (93.7)

4.281

0.041*

 city

24 (8.0)

9 (14.3)

15 (6.3)

  

Education

 junior high school or below

19 (6.3)

12 (11.1)

12 (5.1)

3.176

0.204

 senior high school or graduate

126 (42.0)

102 (38.1)

102 (43.0)

  

 undergraduate or above

155 (50.7)

123 (50.8)

123 (51.9)

  

Economic situation a (per month)

 poor level

33 (10.7)

10 (15.9)

23 (11.0)

1.162

0.559

 moderate level

217 (73.7)

44 (69.8)

173 (73.0)

  

 good level

50 (15.6)

9 (14.3)

34 (16.0)

  

Occupation

 peasants

19 (6.3)

6 (9.5)

13 (5.5)

1.368

0.242

 others

281 (93.7)

57 (90.5)

224 (94.5)

  

Smoking

 yes

5 (1.67)

3 (4.8)

2 (0.8)

4.662

0.031*

 no

295 (98.3)

60 (95.2)

235 (99.2)

  

Alcohol intake

 yes

8 (2.7)

5 (7.9)

3 (1.3)

8.553

0.003*

 no

292 (97.3)

58 (92.1)

234 (98.7)

  
  1. a The poor, moderate and good levels of economic status were defined as the monthly household income per capita were less than or equal to 4000 RMB (581.3 dollars), 4001 to 12,000 RMB (581.4 to 1744 dollars) and more than 12000RMB (1744 dollars), respectively
  2. * p < 0.05