| Baseline Period n = 270,775 | Period 1 n = 195,921 | Period 2 n = 178,254 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Coef.* | 95% C.I. | Coef. | 95% CI | Coef. | Â | 95% C.I. | ||
Maternal Race/Ethnicity | ||||||||
 Non-Hispanic White | referent | referent |  |  | referent |  |  | |
 Hispanic White | 0.020* | 0.000–0.039 | 0.007 |  | −0.010- 0.024 | 0.009 |  | −0.005- 0.022 |
 Non-Hispanic Black | 0.032* | 0.020–0.045 | 0.037* |  | 0.025–0.049 | 0.037* |  | 0.027–0.046 |
Age | ||||||||
  < 14 years | 0.259* | 0.229–0.289 | 0.261* |  | 0.224–0.297 | 0.262* |  | 0.201–0.323 |
 15–19 years | 0.097* | 0.084–0.110 | 0.091* |  | 0.069–0.112 | 0.087* |  | 0.075–0.098 |
 20–24 years | 0.040* | 0.031–0.048 | 0.050* |  | 0.038–0.060 | 0.039* |  | 0.031–0.048 |
 25–29 years | 0.009* | 0.004–0.013 | 0.011* |  | 0.005–0.018 | 0.011* |  | 0.006–0.016 |
 30–34 years | referent |  | referent |  |  | referent |  |  |
 35–39 years | 0.002 | −0.002-0.007 | 0.005 |  | − 0.000- 0.010 | 0.010* |  | 0.001–0.019 |
 40+ years | 0.049* | 0.032–0.066 | 0.045* |  | 0.032–0.058 | 0.029* |  | 0.014–0.044 |
Marital Status | ||||||||
 Married | referent |  | referent |  |  | referent |  |  |
 Not Married | 0.042* | 0.035–0.049 | 0.042* |  | 0.031–0.053 | 0.032* |  | 0.024–0.040 |
Foreign-Born Status | ||||||||
 Not Foreign-Born | referent |  | referent |  |  | referent |  |  |
 Foreign-Born | 0.034* | 0.014–0.055 | 0.028* |  | 0.012–0.044 | 0.022* |  | 0.009–0.035 |
Education | ||||||||
 Less than HS education | 0.084* | 0.064–0.104 | 0.079* |  | 0.059–0.099 | 0.061* |  | 0.046–0.076 |
 HS diploma or GED | 0.021* | 0.012–0.029 | 0.016* |  | 0.005–0.026 | 0.020* |  | 0.012–0.029 |
 Some College | referent |  | referent |  |  | referent |  |  |
 Age < 20; ed. level not assessed | 0.056* | 0.041–0.070 | 0.055* |  | 0.036–0.073 | 0.039* |  | 0.023–0.056 |
Insurance Payer | ||||||||
 Medicaid | 0.100 | 0.087–0.114 | 0.113* |  | 0.097–0.129 | 0.099* |  | 0.085–0.113 |
 Private Insurance | referent |  | referent |  |  | referent |  |  |
 Self-Pay/ Uninsured | 0.155 | 0.115–0.195 | 0.173* |  | 0.140–0.205 | 0.138* |  | 0.102–0.173 |
 Other (Indian Health Service, CHAMPUS, etc.) | 0.057 | 0.017–0.096 | 0.057* |  | 0.011–0.103 | 0.070* |  | 0.039–0.100 |
 Unknown | 0.038 | −0.008- 0.083 | 0.054 |  | −0.003- 0.111 | 0.060* |  | 0.016–0.105 |
WIC Enrollment Status | ||||||||
 Yes WIC | −0.012* | − 0.022- -0.002 | − 0.012* |  | − 0.023- 0.001 | −0.010 |  | −0.021 − 0.002 |
No WIC | referent | Â | referent | Â | Â | referent | Â | Â |
 Unemploy-ment Rate | -0.002 | −0.018- 0.014 | −0.000 |  | −0.003-0.002 | − 0.001 |  | − 0.010-0.007 |
Community Poverty | ||||||||
 Top 1/3 Poor LHJs | −0.031 | −0.065 -0.004 | − 0.045* |  | − 0.086- -0.003 | −0.056* |  | −0.096- -0.015 |
 Bottom 2/3 (Non) Poor LHJs | referent |  | referent |  |  | referent |  |  |
 Median HH Income | 7.55E-07 | −1.75 E-06- 3.26 E-06 | 1.53E- 06 | 1 | −8.13E- 07 - 3.88E- 06 | 8.83E-07 |  | −0.000- 0.000 |
Core Based Statistical Area | ||||||||
 Metropolitan | referent |  | referent |  |  | referent |  |  |
Micropolitan | 0.010 | −0.021- 0.041 | 0.003 |  | −0.033- 0.039 | 0.019 |  | −0.013- 0.050 |
 Rural | −0.016 | −0.054 − 0.023 | -0.023 |  | − 0.065- 0.020 | −0.026 |  | −0.073- 0.022 |
 Gini Coefficient | 0.025 | −0.442- 0.493 | −0.184 | 0.246 | −0.672- 0.304 | − 0.152 | 0.228 | − 0.604- 0.301 |
 Percent Republican | 0.001* | 0.0004- | 0.002* |  | 0.0003- | 0.002* |  | 0.0005–0.0031 |
 Per Capita MDs (GPs and FM) | −1.498* | −2.959- −0.036 | −0.949 |  | −2.213- 0.316 | −0.895 |  | −2.265-0.475 |
State | ||||||||
 Florida | 0.056 | −0.011- 0.122 | 0.054 |  | −0.006- 0.114 | 0.047 |  | −0.013-0.106 |
 Washington | referent |  | referent |  |  | referent |  |  |
 LHD Per Capita 2MCH Expenditures | 0.0012 | −0.0007- 0.0030 | 0.0019* |  | 0.0002–0.0036 | 0.0025* |  | 0.0009–0.0042 |
 LHD Per Capita WIC Expenditures | −0.0010 | −0.0067-0.0046 | − 0.0014 |  | − 0.0065- 0.0038 | −0.0022 |  | −0.0077- 0.0033 |