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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the whole cohort

From: Are women in Singapore gaining weight appropriately during pregnancy: a prospective cohort study

Characteristics

Whole cohort (N = 724)

Characteristics

Whole cohort (N = 724)

Demographic factors

Maternal educational level, n (%)

Maternal age (year), mean (SD)

30.6 (5.0)

 Secondary and below

164 (22.7)

Maternal age range (year), n (%)

 ITE a

73 (10.1)

  < 25

77 (10.6)

 Junior college/Polytechnic

211 (29.2)

 25–29

235 (32.5)

 University and above

274 (37.9)

 30–34

248 (34.3)

Total monthly household income b, n (%)

 35–40

137 (18.9)

  ≤ 1300

24 (3.3)

  > 40

27 (3.7)

 1301–3500

227 (31.4)

Maternal body mass index (kg/m2), mean (SD)

23.9 (4.6)

 3501–5500

218 (30.2)

Race, n (%)

 5500–8500

163 (22.6)

 Chinese

378 (52.2)

  ≥ 8501

90 (12.5)

 Malay

120 (16.6)

Pre-pregnancy medical conditions

 Indian

141 (19.5)

 Pre-existing hypertension, n (%)

9 (1.2)

 Others

85 (11.7)

 Pre-existing diabetes mellitus, n (%)

12 (1.7)

Parity, n (%)

 Thyroid disease, n (%)

18 (2.5)

 0

404 (55.8)

Behavioral factors

 1

225 (31.1)

Smoking, n (%)

 2 or more

95 (13.1)

 Before current pregnancy

109 (15.1)

Maternal employment at onset of pregnancy, n (%)

 During current pregnancy

17 (2.4)

 Employed

581 (80.3)

Alcohol use, n (%)

 Unemployed

143 (19.7)

 Before current pregnancy

219 (30.3)

Marital status, n (%)

 During current pregnancy

9 (1.2)

 Married

674 (93.1)

Exercise, n (%)

 

 Single

46 (6.4)

 Before current pregnancy

341 (47.1)

 Separated/Divorced

4 (0.5)

 During current pregnancy

61 (8.4)

  1. a ITE stands for Institute of Technical Education. It is a public vocational education institution in Singapore that provides pre-employment training to secondary school leavers and continuing education and training to working adults.
  2. bTotal monthly household income is measured in Singapore dollars, and defined as the combined monthly income for married couple, or patient’s monthly income if she is single, separated or divorced.