Table 1 Clinical characteristics in the second pregnancy associated with GDM status
| Â | GDM in the second pregnancy | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
Yes (n = 1098) | No (n = 5331) | ||
Maternal age (y) second pregnancy | 32.7 ± 4.7 | 32.7 ± 4.1 | 0.533 |
Interpregnancy interval (week) | 47.5 ± 26.1 | 43.3 ± 27.1 | < 0.001 |
BMI (kg/m2) in the first pregnancy | 22.9 ± 3.3 | 22.5 ± 4.2 | 0.008 |
Interpregnancy BMI change |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Lost 1.0 or more | 31 | 503 |  |
 Remain stable (±1.0) | 476 | 2852 |  |
 Gained 1.1–2.0 | 237 | 812 |  |
 Gained 2.1–3.0 | 159 | 542 |  |
 Gained more than 3.0 | 195 | 622 |  |
Gestational weight gain during the second pregnancy |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Inadequate | 485 | 1745 |  |
 Adequate | 365 | 2165 |  |
 Excessive | 248 | 1421 |  |
The weight retention at six weeks postpartum after the first pregnancy |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Lost 1.0 or more | 3 | 15 |  |
 Remain stable (±1.0) | 27 | 218 |  |
 Gained 1.0–1.9 | 181 | 1060 |  |
 Gained 2.0–2.9 | 260 | 2227 |  |
 Gained 3.0 or more | 627 | 1811 |  |