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Table 2 Maternal and neonatal outcome

From: Induction of labor and postpartum blood loss

Blood loss parameters

Women with IOL (n = 380)

Women with SOL (n = 585)

p

Estimated blood loss (mL)

400 (300–600)

400 (300–500)

0.03 a

Estimated blood loss ≥500 mL

152 (40%)

195 (33.3%)

0.03 b

Estimated blood loss ≥1000 mL

24 (6.3%)

37 (6.3%)

1.00 b

Estimated blood loss ≥1500 mL

9 (2.4%)

10 (1.7%)

0.47 b

Postpartum Hemorrhage

94 (24.7%)

124 (21.2%)

0.20 b

Delta hemoglobin (g/L)

13 (5–21)

16 (9.0–24.0)

< 0.01 a

Delta hemoglobin ≥30 g/L

49 (12.9%)

81 (13.8%)

0.67 b

Blood transfusion

1 (0.3%)

0 (0.0%)

0.39 c

Secondary maternal outcome

 Vaginal delivery

238 (62.6%)

390 (66.7%)

0.20 b

 Operative vaginal delivery

51 (13.4%)

72 (12.3%)

0.61 b

 Second stage of labor > 120 min

93 (30.6%)

132 (26.7%)

0.23 b

 Unplanned cesarean section

91 (24%)

123 (21.0%)

0.29 b

 Maternal ICU admission

2 (0.5%)

0 (0.0%)

0.15 c

 Uterine atony

28 (7.4%)

25 (4.3%)

0.04 b

 Retained placenta

10 (2.6%)

16 (2.7%)

0.92 b

 Retained placental tissue

15 (3.9%)

13 (2.2%)

0.12 b

 Placental abruption

1 (0.3%)

5 (0.9%)

0.41 c

 Uterine rupture

1 (0.3%)

2 (0.3%)

1.0 c

 Length of hospital stay after delivery

4 (3–4)

4 (3–4)

0.07 a

 Anal sphincter tear

6 (1.6%)

4 (0.7%)

0.20 c

Secondary Neonatal outcome

 Chorioamnionitis

5 (1.3%)

3 (0.5%)

0.28 c

 Shoulder dystocia

7 (1.8%)

10 (1.7%)

0.88 b

 Meconium staining

70 (18.4%)

107 (18.3%)

0.96 b

 Umbilical arterial pH < 7.1

5 (1.3%)

11 (1.9%)

0.50 b

 5′ Apgar score < 7

4 (1.1%)

6 (1.0%)

1.0 c

 10′ Apgar score < 7

1 (0.3%)

0 (0%)

0.39 c

 Admission to neonatal care unit

23 (6.1%)

16 (2.7%)

0.11 b

  1. IOL induction of labor, SOL spontaneous onset of labor, Postpartum Hemorrhage: blood loss of ≥500 ml after spontaneous delivery or ≥ 1000 ml after cesarean section within 24 h of delivery
  2. Data presented as n (%), or median (25th percentile – 75th percentile) as appropriate. n number, SD standard deviation; a: Mann Whitney U- Test, b Chi Square Test, c: Fisher’s Exact test