| Cesarean section | Instrumental vaginal birth | Vaginal (non-instrumental) birth | Induction of labour | Episiotomy | Epidural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR | 95%CI | OR | 95%CI | OR | 95%CI | OR | 95%CI | OR | 95%CI | OR | 95%CI | |
Indigenous | 0.94 | 0.90–0.99 | 0.70 | 0.65–0.77 | 1.14 | 1.09–1.19 | 0.86 | 0.82–0.90 |  | 0.65–0.80 | 0.74 | 0.69–0.79 |
Inner Regional | 0.96 | 0.93–0.99 | 0.92 | 0.88–0.97 | 1.06 | 1.03–1.09 | 1.10 | 1.10–1.13 | 0.89 | 0.84–0.95 | 0.98 | 0.94–1.02 |
Outer Regional | 1.03 | 1.00–1.06 | 0.87 | 0.83–0.91 | 1.01 | 0.9–1.0.4 | 1.10 | 1.07–1.14 | 0.94 | 0.89–1.00 | 0.79 | 0.76–0.82 |
Remote | 1.10 | 1.05–1.15 | 0.77 | 0.72–0.83 | 1.00 | 0.96–1.04 | 1.05 | 1.00–1.10 | 0.88 | 0.80–0.95 | 0.57 | 0.54–0.61 |
Very remote | 1.00 | 0.95–1.10 | 0.85 | 0.77–0.94 | 1.05 | 0.99–1.11 | 1.20 | 1.17–1.32 | 0.85 | 0.76–0.96 | 0.605 | 0.55–0.66 |
IRSD 2 | 0.93 | 0.89–0.97 | 0.80 | 0.75–0.86 | 1.15 | 1.10–1.20 | 0.79 | 0.75–0.83 | 0.63 | 0.58–0.69 | 0.72 | 0.68–0.77 |
IRSD 3 | 0.95 | 0.92–0.98 | 0.85 | 0.81–0.89 | 1.11 | 1.08–1.14 | 0.91 | 0.88–0.94 | 0.70 | 0.66–0.74 | 0.90 | 0.86–0.94 |
IRSD 4 | 0.99 | 0.96–1.03 | 0.90 | 0.85–0.94 | 1.04 | 1.01–1.08 | 0.84 | 0.81–0.87 | 0.80 | 0.75–0.85 | 0.96 | 0.92–1.00 |
IRSD 5 | 0.88 | 0.85–0.90 | 0.93 | 0.89–0.97 | 1.15 | 1.12–1.19 | 0.95 | 0.81–0.87 | 0.72 | 0.75–0.85 | 1.01 | 0.97–1.10 |