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Table 2 Maternal Characteristics by Energy-Adjusted Change in Vegetable Intake in the IFPS II

From: Maternal vegetable intake during and after pregnancy

Mean (SD) ** Residual adjusted + 2.5

 

Improved Vegetable Intake (n = 121)

Stable Inadequate (n = 370)

p-value

Reduced Vegetable Intake (n = 123)

Stable Adequate (n = 233)

p-value

Pre-pregnancy BMI

26.0 (5.60)

25.8 (6.33)

0.82

27.3 (6.86)

26.6 (6.61)

0.36

Pregnancy weight gain (lb)

30.9 (12.3)

30.2 (12.48)

0.62

26.7 (14.70)

32.4 (14.8)

0.0007

Cigarettes smoked

0.48 (2.20)

1.14 (3.89)

0.02

0.82 (2.91)

0.40 (2.13)

0.16

Breastfeeding Duration (months)

5.9 (4.8)

5.6 (4.5)

0.62

6.2 (5.1)

6.80 (4.8)

0.28

Paid and unpaid maternity leave (wks.)

8.95 (13.2)

9.41 (8.58)

0.80

10.1 (7.09)

8.70 (8.18)

0.28

GDM in pregnancy (%)

4.59

6.49

0.47

11.1

7.6

0.29

PPD Score

8.08 (3.15)

8.41 (3.22)

0.35

8.80 (3.27)

8.37 (3.39)

0.27

Received Information about diet from health professional

83.1

80.9

0.61

82.8

84.1

0.76

Received Information about diet from WIC

30.8

30.2

0.91

28.9

28.3

0.91

  1. Boldface indicates statistical significance (p < 0.05)
  2. GDM Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, PPD Postpartum Depression