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Table 5 Mode of delivery related perinatal status, pregnancy co-morbidities and complications, fetal deaths/stillbirths and neonatal mortalities in all births

From: High risk pregnancy associated perinatal morbidity and mortality: a second birth population-based survey in Huai’an in 2015

Mode of delivery

Vaginal**

Cesarean

Total

All births

26,964 (45.6)

32,226 (54.4)

59,190

Live births, n (%)

26,827 (99.5)

32,196 (99.9)

59,023 (99.7)

Males*

13,990 (51.9)

17,506 (54.3)

31,496 (53.2)

Gestational age* (weeks)

39.2 ± 1.6

39.0 ± 1.5

39.1 ± 1.5

Birthweight* (grams)

3409 ± 477

3481 ± 528

3448 ± 507

Preterm birth*

993 (3.7)

1411 (4.4)

2404 (4.1)

LBW*

704 (2.6)

991 (3.1)

1695 (2.9)

Multi-births*

233 (0.9)

1017 (3.2)

1250 (2.1)

Congenital anomaliesa

149 (0.6)

175 (0.5)

324 (0.55)

Maternal age* (years)

26.4 ± 4.7

27.4 ± 4.9

26.9 ± 4.8

 Delayed childbearing

1851 (1.0)

3065 (9.5)

4916 (8.3)

 > 9 years education*

10,818 (40.1)

11,921 (37.0)

22,739 (38.4)

Pregnancy complications*

3542 (13.1)

4786 (14.9)

8328(14.1)

 HDP*

532 (2.0)

2388 (7.4)

2920 (4.9)

 PROM*

2163 (8.0)

3104(9.6)

5267 (8.9)

 GDM*

307 (1.1)

597 (1.9)

904 (1.5)

 Anemia*

1577 (5.8)

2907 (9.0)

4484 (7.6)

Antenatal corticosteroidsf

313 (33.6)

531 (38.6)

844 (36.6)

Amniotic fluid volume*

 Normal

24,109 (89.4)

26,252 (81.5)

50,361 (85.1)

 Polyhydramnios

1670 (6.2)

2518 (7.8)

4188 (7.1)

 Oligohydramnios

1186 (4.4)

3456 (10.7)

4642 (7.8)

Amniotic contamination*

 Normal

23,358 (86.6)

27,713 (86.0)

51,071 (86.3)

 Grade I

1247 (4.6)

1677 (5.2)

2924 (4.9)

 Grade II

937 (3.5)

1285 (4.0)

2222 (3.8)

 Grade III

1422 (5.3)

1551 (4.8)

2973 (5.0)

Apgar score

 1-min ≤7

755 (2.8)

816 (2.5)

1571 (2.7)

 1-min ≤3*

226 (0.8)

121 (0.4)

347 (0.59)

 5-min ≤7*

316 (1.2)

238 (0.7)

554 (0.94)

 5-min ≤3*

205 (0.8)

88 (0.3)

293 (0.50)

Hospitalized on day 1*

1338 (5.0)

1926 (6.0)

3264 (5.5)

  IVH/PVH

352 (24.5)

559 (28.5)

911 (26.8)

 RDS

114 (7.9)

158 (8.1)

272 (8.0)

 Ventilation*

236 (16.4)

417 (21.3)

653 (19.2)

Fetal deaths/stillbirths*

137 (0.5)

30 (0.1)

167 (0.3)

Deaths at deliveryb*

160 (0.6)

38 (0.1)

198 (0.33)

Early neonatal deathsc

73 (0.2)

66 (0.2)

139 (0.23)

Late neonatal deathsd

15 (0.1)

26 (0.1)

41 (0.07)

All deathse*

221 (0.8)

137 (0.4)

358 (0.6)

  1. Values are given in numbers and percentage (% of all births in each delivery category) or mean ± SD. * Percentage of total numbers of all births includes fetal death/stillbirths and neonatal death at delivery (see Table 1)
  2. Abbreviations: LBW Low birth weight (< 2500 g), HDP Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, PROM Premature rupture of membrane, GDM Gestational diabetes mellitus, IVH/PVH Intraventricular/perinventricular hemorrhage, RDS Respiratory distress syndrome
  3. * p < 0.001; ** including 397 with assisted operation procedures
  4. aIncluding all birth defects and congenital disorders from total births within 7 postnatal days
  5. bIncluding fetal deaths/stillbirth and neonatal deaths immediately at delivery but counted as live births
  6. cIncluding live births died in the first 7 days
  7. dIncluding live births died in the 8 to 28 days after delivery
  8. eIncluding all fetal deaths/stillbirth and all neonatal deaths
  9. fData contain all preterm babies received antenatal corticosteroid therapy before delivery
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BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth

ISSN: 1471-2393

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