Table 2 Adjusted Odds Ratios (OR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (95%CI) obtained from a multivariable multinomial logistic regression model for timing of ultrasound at different independent variables. The Maternity Experiences Survey (MES)
From: Factors associated with the timing of the first prenatal ultrasound in Canada
Variable | Early Adjusted OR (95%CI)a | Late Adjusted OR (95%CI)a |
|---|---|---|
MATERNAL FACTORS | ||
 Fertility medications or procedures | ||
  Yes | 3.47 (2.59–4.65) | 1.39 (0.33–5.80) |
 Health problems before pregnancy | ||
  Yes | 1.30 (1.09–1.56) | 0.55 (0.31–0.97) |
 Health Problems during pregnancy | ||
  Yes | 1.27 (1.09–1.48) | 1.05 (0.73–1.50) |
 Pre-pregnancy BMI | ||
  Underweight (less than 18.5) | 1.81 (1.34–2.44) | 0.87 (0.39–1.93) |
  Overweight/obese (25+) | 1.06 (0.92–1.23) | 0.99 (0.70–1.39) |
  Intended pregnancy | ||
  Unintended | 1.13 (0.96–1.34) | 1.89 (1.38–2.59) |
BEHAVIOURAL RISK FACTORS | ||
 Smoking during the last 3 months of pregnancy | ||
  Yes | 0.97 (0.76–1.24) | 1.00 (0.62–1.61) |
 Alcohol during pregnancy | ||
  Yes | 0.69 (0.53–0.90) | 1.01 (0.57–1.79) |
REPRODUCTIVE HISTORY | ||
 Parity | ||
  Multiparous | 0.67 (0.57–0.78) | 1.41 (0.97–2.05) |
 History of premature birth | ||
  Yes | 1.41 (1.06–1.89) | 0.56 (0.24–1.32) |
 History of ectopic pregnancy or stillbirth | ||
  Yes | 1.50 (1.00–2.26) | 0.40 (0.14–1.19) |
 History of miscarriage | ||
  Yes | 2.04 (1.65–2.54) | 0.61 (0.33–1.11) |
 History of therapeutic abortion | ||
  Yes | 1.01 (0.81–1.25) | 0.89 (0.54–1.47) |
PRENATAL AND BIRTH RELATED FACTORS | ||
 Type of prenatal care provider | ||
  Family doctor/GP | 0.94 (0.78–1.12) | 1.26 (0.89–1.77) |
  Midwife and otherb | 1.16 (0.86–1.57) | 1.71 (0.94–3.11) |
 Mode of delivery | ||
  Caesarean | 1.11 (0.95–1.29) | 1.14 (0.81–1.62) |
 Birthweight | ||
   < 2500 | 1.25 (0.89–1.77) | 0.76 (0.28–2.09) |
   > 4000 | 0.90 (0.73–1.13) | 0.96 (0.59–1.58) |
SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS | ||
 Maternal age at delivery | ||
   < 20 | 0.54 (0.34–0.84) | 1.11 (0.53–2.33) |
  35+ | 0.92 (0.76–1.12) | 0.93 (0.61–1.42) |
 Country of birth/Aboriginal status | ||
  Born outside of Canada | 0.82 (0.67–0.99) | 1.75 (1.14–2.68) |
  Aboriginal | 0.83 (0.58–1.19) | 0.59 (0.28–1.24) |
 Marital status | ||
  With partner | 0.80 (0.60–1.08) | 0.92 (0.51–1.65) |
 Province of prenatal care | ||
  Newfoundland and Labrador | 1.66 (1.20–2.30) | 1.25 (0.54–2.86) |
  Prince Edward Island | 0.84 (0.60–1.18) | 1.60 (0.85–3.01) |
  Nova Scotia | 1.68 (1.25–2.28) | 1.24 (0.57–2.70) |
  New Brunswick | 1.29 (0.90–1.87) | 1.14 (0.57–2.29) |
  Ontario | 2.16 (1.76–2.65) | 0.98 (0.63–1.54) |
  Manitoba | 0.66 (0.45–0.98) | 2.88 (1.64–5.05) |
  Saskatchewan | 1.50 (1.05–2.14) | 1.12 (0.53–2.36) |
  Alberta | 1.37 (1.05–1.77) | 1.55 (0.87–2.78) |
  British Columbia | 1.90 (1.45–2.50) | 0.84 (0.44–1.58) |
  Territories | 1.01 (0.68–1.52) | 4.50 (2.27–8.93) |
 Urban/Rural | ||
  Rural | 0.83 (0.66–1.03) | 0.94 (0.57–1.57) |
  Urban (< 30,000) | 0.87 (0.70–1.07) | 0.58 (0.35–0.98) |
  Urban (30,000-99,000) | 0.94 (0.72–1.24) | 0.93 (0.51–1.70) |
  Urban (100,000-499,999) | 0.90 (0.71–1.13) | 1.21 (0.69–2.14) |
 Travelled to another city or town for birth | ||
   < 80 km | 0.99 (0.83–1.19) | 1.28 (0.88–1.86) |
  80 km+ | 1.24 (0.87–1.75) | 0.28 (0.12–0.65) |
 Education | ||
  Post-secondary, below bachelor | 0.96 (0.78–1.19) | 0.74 (0.51–1.07) |
  Bachelor | 0.98 (0.77–1.25) | 0.48 (0.29–0.80) |
  Graduate | 0.91 (0.68–1.22) | 0.55 (0.27–1.10) |
 Employment during pregnancy | ||
  Yes | 0.96 (0.79–1.17) | 0.83 (0.57–1.21) |
 Household income (Canadian Dollar) | ||
  30,000- < 60,000 | 1.02 (0.81–1.28) | 1.37 (0.92–2.05) |
  60,000- < 100,000 | 0.94 (0.74–1.21) | 0.74 (0.45–1.24) |
  100,000+ | 1.41 (1.07–1.85) | 0.74 (0.38–1.47) |
 INTERACTION: Prenatal care provider x History of miscarriage | ||
  OB/GYN x No miscarriage | 1.00 | 1.00 |
  Family doctor x miscarriage | 0.90 (0.64–1.25) | 0.76 (0.29–1.98) |
  Midwife and other x miscarriage | 0.31 (0.14–0.66) | 1.51 (0.20–11.35) |