Association of first trimester maternal vitamin D, ferritin and hemoglobin level with third trimester fetal biometry: result from cohort study on vitamin D status and its impact during pregnancy and childhood in Indonesia

Table 2 Associations between maternal serum vitamin D (treated as a continuous variable) in the first trimester with fetal biometry

Fetal characteristics	n	Univariable			Model 1^a			Model 2^b			Model 3^c
Fetal characteristics	n	β	95% CI	p-value	β	95% CI	p-value	β	95% CI	p-value	β	95% CI	p-value
Biparietal diameter
Maternal serum vitamin D	176	0.172	0.019,0.325	0.028*	0.157	0.003,0.310	0.045*	0.141	0.005,0.278	0.042*	1.255	0.166,2.344	0.024*
Head circumference
Maternal serum vitamin D	169	0.519	−0.171,1.208	0.140	0.457	−0.231,1.145	0.192	0.447	−0.336,1.230	0.261	1.219	−5.251,7.689	0.710
Abdominal circumference
Maternal serum vitamin D	176	0.819	0.349,1.288	0.001**	0.828	0.360,1.297	0.001**	0.819	0.326,1.312	0.001**	− 0.449	−4.512,3.613	0.827
Femur length
Maternal serum vitamin D	176	0.255	−0.566,1.076	0.541	0.255	−0.575,1.085	0.545	0.197	−0.782,1.175	0.692	1.678	−6.480,9.837	0.685

*p < 0.05
**p < 0.001
^aAdjusted for maternal age, pre-pregnancy body mass index, and parity (treated as a continuous variable)
^b As model 1 with additional adjustment for serum ferritin and hemoglobin level
^cAs model 2 with interaction terms

ISSN: 1471-2393