First (at 4–8 weeks) | Second (at one year) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Clamp ≥2 min + neonatal care with cord intact | Clamp ≤20 s + neonatal care after clamping | Clamp ≥2 min + neonatal care with cord intact | Clamp ≤20 s + neonatal care after clamping | |
n = 99 (%) | n = 87 (%) | n = 83 (%) | n = 50 (%) | |
Age (years) mean [sd] | 30.6 [5.7] | 29.3 [6.6] | 31.0 [5.6] | 31.3 [6.3] |
Gestation at birth (weeks) | ||||
< 26 | 15 (15%) | 8 (9%) | 12 (14%) | 4 (8%) |
26+ 0–27+ 6 | 22 (22%) | 16 (18%) | 16 (19%) | 8 (16%) |
28+ 0–29+ 6 | 27 (27%) | 34 (39%) | 22 (27%) | 20 (40%) |
30+ 0 - 31+ 6 | 34 (34%) | 28 (32%) | 31 (37%) | 16 (32%) |
≥ 32 | 1 (1%) | 1 (1%) | 2 (2%) | 2 (4%) |
Consent pathwaya: two stage | 26 (26%) | 19 (22%) | 23 (28%) | 11 (22%) |
one stage | 73 (74%) | 68 (78%) | 60 (72%) | 39 (78%) |
Primiparous | 56 (57%) | 61 (70%) | 49 (59%) | 36 (72%) |
Twin pregnancy | 5 (5%)b | 8 (9%) | 5 (6%)b | 6 (12%) |
Caesarean section | 66 (67%) | 46 (53%) | 54 (65%) | 28 (56%) |
For liveborn babies c | (n = 102) | (n = 93) | (n = 86) | (n = 54) |
Died before discharge | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 |
Intraventricular haemorrhage (grade 1–4) | 31 (30%) | 33 (35%) | 22 (26%) | 20 (37%) |
Severe intraventricular haemorrhage (grade 3–4) | 2 (2%) | 5 (5%) | 1 (1%) | 2 (4%) |
Length of hospital stay (days) median [25th, 75th centile] | 59 [41.5, 89] | 61 [40, 81] | 59 [38.5, 79] | 58.5 [38, 83] |
Receiving mother’s breast milk at discharge | 59 (58%) | 54 (58%) | 52 (60%) | 36 (67%) |