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Table 2 Adjusted regression results for maternal outcomes

From: Antenatal care as a means to increase participation in the continuum of maternal and child healthcare: an analysis of the poorest regions of four Mesoamérican countries

 

ANC

Guatemalab

Honduras

Mexicoc

Nicaraguad

OR

p

OR

p

OR

p

OR

p

In-facility delivery

1–3 ANC visits

3.16 a

**

2.50

**

1.56

 

2.49

**

(2.29–4.36)

(1.65–3.79)

(0.77–3.17)

(1.58–3.93)

4 or more ANC visits

7.64

**

5.26

**

2.60

 

4.99

**

(5.87–9.95)

(3.61–7.66)

(1.42–4.77)

(3.41–7.30)

Immediate breastfeeding

1–3 ANC visits

1.18

 

0.64

 

1.05

 

0.98

 

(0.87–1.60)

(0.41–0.98)

(0.55–2.00)

(0.65–1.47)

4 or more ANC visits

1.37

*

0.72

 

1.25

 

1.18

 

(1.08–1.74)

(0.50–1.05)

(0.84–1.85)

(0.85–1.64)

Postpartum care for mother (7–42 days post delivery)

1–3 ANC visits

0.88

 

3.97

**

4.18

**

1.07

 

(0.34–2.26)

(1.39–11.30)

(1.84–9.51)

(0.26–4.41)

4 or more ANC visits

1.54

 

5.57

**

6.31

**

1.15

 

(0.73–3.26)

(2.11–14.70)

(3.48–11.45)

(0.31–4.30)

Postpartum modern family planning (within 6 weeks of delivery)

1–3 ANC visits

3.08

**

1.99

 

1.71

*

1.71

*

(2.13–4.45)

(0.85–4.66)

(1.04–2.80)

(1.04–2.80)

4 or more ANC visits

4.67

**

2.31

*

2.21

*

2.21

**

(3.48–6.26)

(0.97–5.54)

(1.45–3.37)

(1.45–3.37)

Exclusive breastfeeding (6 mos.)

1–3 ANC visits

0.78

 

0.61

 

1.03

 

0.64

*

(0.59–1.04)

(0.36–1.04)

(0.56–1.91)

(0.45–0.92)

4 or more ANC visits

0.64

**

0.55

*

1.24

 

0.69

 

(0.51–0.81)

(0.34–0.90)

(0.74–2.07)

(0.48–0.99)

  1. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01
  2. aAll regressions controlled for: maternal education, maternal age category, maternal occupation, parity, marriage status, previous problematic pregnancies, whether the pregnancy was desired, asset score, household expenditure quintile, media exposure, travel time, community health worker visits in the last month, and urbanicity
  3. bIn Guatemala, we additionally controlled for indigeneity
  4. cIn Mexico, we additionally controlled for indigeneity and opportunidades participation
  5. dIn Nicaragua, we additionally controlled for indigeneity