Skip to main content

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study participants

From: Obstetric and perinatal outcomes of singleton pregnancies conceived via assisted reproductive technology complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus: a prospective cohort study

Variables

ART

(n = 125)

ART-GDM

(n = 135)

SC-GDM

(n = 152)

SC

(n = 162)

P-Value

Maternal age (yr.) (Mean ± SD)

30.28 ± 4.93

32.11 ± 4.95

31.63 ± 5.49

28.81 ± 7.43

< 0.001*

Gestational age at GDM screening (wk.)

25.6 ± 3.5

22.7 ± 6.9

24.9 ± 5.6

24.6 ± 3.1

0< 001a

Gestational age at delivery (wk.)

(Mean ± SD)

38.40 ± 1.15

37.78 ± 1.52

38.34 ± 1.47

39.05 ± 1.14

< 0.001b

Gravidity, n (%)

 1

97 (77.6)

80 (59.3)

53 (34.9)

85 (52.5)

< 0.001

 ≥ 2

28 (22.4)

55 (40.7)

99 (65.1)

77 (47.5)

Parity, n (%)

 0

113 (90.4)

116 (85.9)

63 (41.4)

98 (60.5)

< 0.001

 ≥ 1

12 (9.6)

19 (14.1)

89 (58.6)

64 (39.5)

Pre-gravid BMI (kg/m2) (Mean ± SD)

24.49 ± 3.95

27.38 ± 3.93

26.07 ± 4.93

24.14 ± 4.35

< 0.001c

Gestational weight gain (kg) (Mean ± SD)

15.03 ± 6.05

10.93 ± 5.09

11.57 ± 5.52

14.42 ± 6.12

< 0.001d

Previous history of PCOS, n (%)

10(8)

34 (25.2)

7 (7.3)

6(3.7)

< 0.001e

Maternal age ≥ 35 years

25(20)

38(28.2)

49(32.2)

22(13.7)

0.001 f

Pre-gravid obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2), n (%)

14(11.4)

33(24.6)

25(16.9)

17(10.6)

0.004g

Previous history of GDM, n (%)

1(0.8)

4 (3)

21 (13.8)

1(0.6)

< 0.001h

  1. GDM gestational diabetes mellitus, SC spontaneous conception, ART assisted reproductive technology. All of P-values for quantitative variables were determined by post-hoc analysis (LSD)
  2. *ART vs. ART-GDM (P = 0.01), ART-GDM vs. SC-GDM (P = 0.5), ART -GDM vs. SC (P < 0.001), ART vs. SC (P = 0.03), SC-GDM vs. SC (P < 0.001), ART vs. SC-GDM (P = 0.06)
  3. aART vs. ART-GDM (P < 0.001). ART-GDM vs. SC -GDM (P < 0.001), ART -GDM vs. SC (P < 0.001), ART vs. SC (P = 0.1), SC -GDM vs. SC (P = 0.6), ART vs. SC -GDM (P = 0.2)
  4. bART vs. ART-GDM (P = 0.01), ART-GDM vs. SC –GDM = (P = 0.5), ART -GDM vs. SC (P < 0.001), ART vs. SC (P = 0.03), SC -GDM vs. SC (P < 0.001), ART vs. SC- GDM (P = 0.06)
  5. cART vs. ART-GDM (P < 0.001) ART-GDM vs. SC- GDM (P = 0.1), ART -GDM vs. SC (P < 0.001), ART vs. SC (P = 0.5), SC- GDM vs. SC (P < 0.001), ART vs. SC -GDM (P = 0.01)
  6. dART vs. ART-GDM (P < 0.001), ART-GDM vs. SC- GDM (P = 0.3), ART -GDM vs. SC (P < 0.001), ART vs. SC (P = 0.4), SC –GDM vs. SC (P < 0.001), ART vs. SC- GDM (P < 0.001)
  7. eART vs. ART-GDM (P < 0.001). ART-GDM vs. SC -GDM (P < 0.001), ART -GDM vs. SC (P < 0.001), ART vs. SC (P = 0.6), SC -GDM vs. SC (P = 0.1), ART vs. SC -GDM (P = 0.2)
  8. fART vs. ART-GDM (P = 0.126), ART-GDM vs. SC-GDM (P = 0.452), ART -GDM vs. SC (P = 0.002), ART vs. SC (P = 0.152), SC-GDM vs. SC (P < 0.001), ART vs. SC-GDM (P = 0.022)
  9. gART vs. ART-GDM (P = 0.006), ART-GDM vs. SC-GDM (P = 0.109), ART -GDM vs. SC (P = 0.001), ART vs. SC (P = 0.826), SC-GDM vs. SC (P = 105), ART vs. SC-GDM (P = 0.198)
  10. hART vs. ART-GDM (P = 0.205), ART-GDM vs. SC-GDM (P = 0.001), ART -GDM vs. SC (P = 0.118), ART vs. SC (P = 0.854), SC-GDM vs. SC (P < 0.001), ART vs. SC-GDM (P = 0.001)