Table 1 Summary of adjunct clinical interventions of included studies
From: Adjunct clinical interventions that influence vaginal birth after cesarean rates: systematic review
Intervention Category | Strategy/Outcome Themes | TOLACa | VBACa | Study (study design) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
System-level | Education and training of providers | NA | + | Ayres-de-Campos 2015 (NCC) |
Targeted CD rates with hospital funding | NA | + | Ayres-de-Campos 2015 (NCC) | |
Targeted VBAC rates with hospital funding | NA | + | Liu 2013 (NCC) | |
Hospital peer-review of CD/VBAC | NA | NS; | Bickell 1996 (BA); | |
+, NC | Liu 2013 (NCC) | |||
Provider-level | Opinion leader VBAC | + | + | Lomas 1991 (RCT) |
Hospital with laborists | + | +NS | Feldman 2015 (CS) | |
Second opinion requirement for all CDs | + | + | Myers 1993 (NCC) | |
Provider characteristics | Midwifery vs. non-midwifery provider | + | + | Zhang 2016 (RCT); |
| Â | Â | White 2016 (NCC) | ||
Family physician vs. obstetrician | + | + | Russillo 2008 (CS) | |
Night float call vs. traditional call | + | + | Yee 2017 (RC) | |
Provider guidelines/information | Education and management direction | + | + | Bellows 2016 (NCC); |
| Â | Â | Kosecoff 1987 (RC); | ||
| Â | Â | Sanchez-Ramos 1990 (NCC); | ||
| Â | Â | Santerre 1996 (NCC); | ||
– | – | Pinette 2004 (NCC); | ||
| Â | Â | Zweifler 2006 (NCC); | ||
NA | NC | Studnicki 1997 (NCC) | ||
Patient-level | Obstetric information vs. no information | + | + | Wong 2014 (PC) |
Verbal vs. written patient information | +NS | +NS | Fraser 1997 (RCT); | |
Dedicated VBAC clinic vs. standard care | NA | + | Gardner 2014 (NCC) | |
Decision analysis (computerized) vs. brochures | NA | +NS | Eden 2014 (RCT) | |
Decision analysis vs. information vs. usual care | NA | +NS | Montgomery 2007 (RCT) | |
One-on-one antenatal VBAC counseling vs. standard care | + | – | Cleary-Goldman 2005 (PC) |