Table 3 Relationships of baseline characteristics with childbirth fear in pregnant women (N = 152)
From: Childbirth fear and related factors among pregnant and postpartum women in Malawi
Variable | Low fear (n = 59) | Moderate fear (n = 62) | High fear (n = 39) |  | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | (%) | n | (%)a | p | aOR (95% CI)b | p | n | (%)a | p | aOR (95% CI)b | p | |
Age (years) | ||||||||||||
  < 25 | 31 | (56.4) | 26 | (44.8) | 0.22 | 0.7 (0.3~ 1.6) | 0.36 | 16 | (64.0) | 0.52 | 1.0 (0.3~ 3.1) | 0.93 |
  ≥ 25 | 24 | (43.6) | 32 | (55.2) |  | 1.00 |  | 9 | (36.0) |  | 1.00 |  |
Parity | ||||||||||||
 Nulliparous | 14 | (23.7) | 11 | (17.7) | 0.42 | 1.3 (0.4~ 4.3) | 0.62 | 5 | (16.1) | 0.40 | 1.0 (0.2~ 4.9) | 0.96 |
 Multiparous | 45 | (76.3) | 51 | (82.3) |  | 1.00 |  | 26 | (83.9) |  | 1.00 |  |
Educational level | ||||||||||||
 Illiterate | 6 | (10.2) | 15 | (24.6) | 0.01 | 5.0 (1.2~ 20.2) | 0.03 | 3 | (9.7) | 0.44 | 1.8 (0.2~ 17.8) | 0.61 |
 Primary school | 37 | (62.7) | 38 | (62.3) | 0.14 | 2.2 (0.8~ 6.1) | 0.13 | 24 | (77.4) | 0.12 | 3.0 (0.7~ 13.1) | 0.16 |
 Secondary and above | 16 | (27.1) | 8 | (13.1) |  | 1.00 |  | 4 | (12.9) |  | 1.00 |  |
Employment status | ||||||||||||
 No | 4 | (6.8) | 5 | (8.2) | 0.77 | 1.5 (0.4~ 6.3) | 0.57 | 14 | (45.2) | < 0.001 | 12.6 (3.1~ 50.7) | < 0.001 |
 Yes | 55 | (93.2) | 56 | (91.8) |  | 1.00 |  | 17 | (54.8) |  | 1.00 |  |
Social support | ||||||||||||
 Low/Moderate | 8 | (13.6) | 14 | (22.6) | 0.20 | 1.5 (0.6~ 4.1) | 0.43 | 13 | (41.9) | < 0.01 | 3.0 (0.9~ 10.2) | 0.09 |
 High | 51 | (86.4) | 48 | (77.4) |  | 1.00 |  | 18 | (58.1) |  | 1.00 |  |