Table 1 Characteristics of the study participants, Ethiopia, 2016
Variables | Number | Percent | |
|---|---|---|---|
Age | Less than 25Â years | 1615 | 34.5 |
25–35 years | 2831 | 60.5 | |
Above 35Â years | 234 | 5.0 | |
Median (IQR) | 26 (22–30) | ||
Religion | Muslim | 3148 | 67.3 |
Orthodox | 1057 | 22.6 | |
Protestant & Catholic | 472 | 10.1 | |
Missing | 3 | 0.1 | |
Marital status | Married | 4572 | 97.7 |
Unmarried | 108 | 2.3 | |
Education | Illiterate | 2585 | 55.2 |
Primary school | 1491 | 31.9 | |
Junior secondary school | 363 | 7.8 | |
Secondary and above | 241 | 5.1 | |
Median (IQR) | 0 (0–4) | ||
Family size | Less than five | 2216 | 47.4 |
Five or more | 2464 | 52.6 | |
Median (IQR) | 5 (3–6) | ||
Wealth quintile | Lowest | 928 | 19.8 |
Second | 957 | 20.4 | |
Middle | 863 | 18.4 | |
Fourth | 986 | 21.1 | |
Highest | 934 | 20.0 | |
Household Food Insecurity | Secure | 1600 | 34.2) |
Mildly insecure | 600 | 12.8 | |
Moderately insecure | 1846 | 39.4 | |
Severely insecure | 634 | 13.5 | |
Fasting | Yes | 2428 | 51.9 |
No | 2252 | 48.1 | |
Anaemia | Greater or equal to 11Â g/dl | 3409 | 72.84 |
Less than 11Â g/dl | 1271 | 27.2 | |
Mid-upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) | Greater or equal to 23Â cm | 2771 | 59.2 |
Less than 23Â cm | 1909 | 40.8 | |
Median (IQR) | 23.30 (22.07–24.57) | ||
Chat chewing | Yes | 690 | 14.7 |
No | 3990 | 85.3 | |
Nutrition related knowledge | Yes | 315 | 6.7 |
No | 4365 | 93.3 | |
Antenatal care (previous pregnancy) | No ANC | 1626 | 34.7 |
One to three times | 1924 | 41.1 | |
Greater than four visits | 1859 | 39.7 | |
Gravidity | Primi-gravida | 608 | 13.0 |
Multigravida | 1924 | 41.1 | |
Grand multigravida | 2148 | 45.9 | |
Gestational age | First trimester | 164 | 3.5 |
Second trimester | 2869 | 61.3 | |
Third trimester | 1647 | 35.2 | |
History of child death | Yes | 1214 | 25.9 |
No | 3466 | 74.1 | |
Previous spontaneous abortion | Yes | 539 | 11.5 |
No | 4141 | 88.5 | |
Acute illness | Yes | 1203 | 25.7 |
No | 3477 | 74.3 | |
Social participation | Yes | 2886 | 61.7 |
No | 1794 | 38.3 | |
Median (IQR) | 1.0 (0–1.0) | ||
Maternal social support | Good support | 2485 | 53.1 |
Poor support | 2195 | 46.9 | |
Intimate partner violence | Yes | 232 | 5.0 |
No | 4448 | 95.0 | |