From: Opium use during pregnancy and infant size at birth: a cohort study
Pregnancies | Small for gestational age a | Crude | Adjusted b | |
---|---|---|---|---|
N | N (%) | RR (95% CI) | RR (95% CI) | |
Opium | ||||
Unexposed | 905 | 99 (10.9) | Reference | |
Exposed | 887 | 154 (17.4) | 1.59 (1.26–1.99) | 1.69 (1.34–2.13) |
Tobacco and opium | ||||
Unexposed | 905 | 99 (10.9) | Reference | |
Exposed to opium only | 677 | 115 (17.0) | 1.59 (1.22–2.06) | 1.71 (1.34–2.18) |
Exposed to tobacco and opium | 210 | 39 (18.6) | 1.58 (1.10–2.28) | 1.62 (1.13–2.30) |
Restricted to term pregnancies | ||||
Opium | ||||
Unexposed | 850 | 93 (10.9) | Reference | |
Exposed | 798 | 132 (16.5) | 1.46 (1.15–1.86) | 1.58 (1.23–2.02) |
Tobacco and opium | ||||
Unexposed | 850 | 93 (10.9) | Reference | |
Exposed to opium only | 616 | 97 (15.7) | 1.43 (1.11–1.85) | 1.58 (1.22–2.04) |
Exposed to tobacco and opium | 182 | 35 (19.2) | 1.57 (1.10–2.24) | 1.58 (1.09–2.29) |