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Table 5 Multivariate regression models and screening test characteristics for pre-eclampsia and its subtypes

From: Prediction of pre-eclampsia and its subtypes in high-risk cohort: hyperglycosylated human chorionic gonadotropin in multivariate models

Outcome and model

Variables in model

Prevalence, %

AUC

Valid.AUC

At 90% Specificity for Validated AUC

At 95% Specificity for Validated AUC

PE

 

13.2

  

Sensitivity, %

PPV, %

NPV, %

PLR

Sensitivity, %

PPV, %

NPV, %

PLR

Model 1

Age, prior PE, prior SGA, DM type-I, MAP

 

0.70

0.55

23

27

88

2.4

13

29

88

2.6

Model 2

Model 1 variables + hCG MoM, %hCG-h MoM, free beta hCG MoM, PAPP-A MoM, PlGF MoM

 

0.79

0.60

20

24

88

2.0

17

33

88

3.2

Model 3

Model 1 variables + CH, hCG MoM, %hCG-h MoM, free beta hCG MoM, PlGF MoM, Uta-PI MoM

 

0.85

0.66

36

36

90

3.7

16

33

88

3.3

EOPE

 

3.5

          

Model 1

Primiparity, CH, prior SGA, DM type-I, MAP

 

0.84

0.52

7

10

86

0.7

6.7

17

87

1.3

Model 2

Primiparity, CH, DM type-I, MAP, hCG MoM, %hCG-h MoM, free, PlGF MoM

 

0.96

0.68

20

24

88

2.0

20

38

88

3.9

Model 3

Primiparity, prior PE, prior SGA, CH, MAP, hCG MoM, PlGF MoM

 

0.95

0.62

11

14

87

1.1

11

25

88

2.2

LOPE

 

9.7

          

Model 1

Age, prior PE, prior SGA, CH, DM type-I, MAP

 

0.75

0.54

10

14

87

1.0

6.7

17

87

1.3

Model 2

Age, prior PE, prior SGA, CH, MAP, %hCG-h MoM, free beta hCG MoM

 

0.84

0.62

27

30

89

2.7

6.7

17

87

1.3

Model 3

Model 1 variables, prior FM, hCG MoM, %hCG-h MoM, free beta hCG MoM, PlGF MoM, Uta-PI MoM

 

0.89

0.66

32

33

90

3.3

16

33

88

3.3

Severe PE

 

6.6

          

Model 1

MAP

 

0.68

0.58

20

24

88

2.0

17

33

88

3.2

Model 2

MAP, hCG MoM, free beta hCG MoM, PlGF MoM

 

0.78

0.62

23

27

88

2.4

23

41

89

4.5

Model 3

MAP, prior FM, hCG MoM, %hCG-h MoM, PlGF MoM, Uta-PI MoM

 

0.86

0.65

24

27

89

2.5

20

38

89

4.1

Non-Severe PE

 

6.6

          

Model 1

Prior PE

 

0.71

0.54

3.3

5.6

86

0.4

3.3

7.1

86

0.5

Model 2

Age, BMI, prior PE, prior SGA, CH, %hCG-h MoM, PAPP-A MoM

 

0.86

0.58

17

21

88

1.7

10

23

87

1.9

Model 3

Age, BMI, prior PE, prior SGA, CH, DM type-I, prior FM, %hCG-h MoM, free beta hCG MoM, PlGF MoM, Uta-PI MoM

 

0.89

0.60

22

25

88

2.2

15

31

88

2.9

  1. Valid., validated; PPV, positive predictive value; NPV, negative predictive value; PLR, positive likelihood ratio; PE, pre-eclampsia; EOPE, early-onset PE; LOPE, late-onset PE;
  2. BMI, body mass index; SGA, small for gestational age; FM, fetus mortus; DM, diabetes mellitus; CH, chronic hypertension; MAP, mean arterial pressure; Uta-PI, pulsatility index of the uterine artery; hCG, human chorionic gonadotropin; hCG-h, hyperglycosylated hCG; %hCG-h, the ratio of hCG-h to hCG; PAPP-A, pregnancy-associated plasma protein A;
  3. PlGF, placental growth factor; MoM, multiple of the median.
  4. Early-onset PE = pre-eclampsia diagnosis < 34 weeks of gestation; Late-onset PE = pre-eclampsia diagnosis ≥ 34 weeks of gestation; Severe pre-eclampsia = systolic blood pressure ≥ 160 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 110 mmHg and/or proteinuria ≥5 g/24 h, Non-severe pre-eclampsia = PE not fulfilling the criteria of severe pre-eclampsia.
  5. Prediction models were built using regularised logistic regression. Cross validation was used to select regularisation variables and separately to assess model fit. The AUC values are expressed before and after 10-fold cross validation. Three separate models were fitted for all outcomes. First, background variables and MAP in the first trimester were included in the model (model 1). Next, biomarkers were added (model 2). Finally, MoM of the mean Uta-PI was added (model 3). All variables that improved the model fit in the multivariate logistic regression analyses were included.
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BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth

ISSN: 1471-2393

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