Table 2 Frequencies of obstetric interventions and outcomes in women with diabetes mellitus and the control population
From: Peripartum fetal distress in diabetic women: a retrospective case-cohort study
Obstetric interventions and outcomes | Type 1 diabetes (n = 117) | Type 2 diabetes (n = 59) | Gestational diabetes (n = 303) | Control (n = 15,260) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Induction [n (%)] | 53 (45.3) ‡ | 25 (42.4) †| 132 (43.6) ‡ | 3515 (23.0) (n = 15,255) |
Preterm birth [n (%)] | 31 (26.5) * | 19 (32.2) †| 37 (12.2) †| 2830 (18.6) (n = 15,248) |
Delivery mode [n (%)] | ||||
 Spontaneous § | 42 (35.9) § | 22 (37.3) § | 155 (51.2) § | 9072 (59.4) |
 VE/FE | 9 (7.7) | 1 (1.7) | 32 (10.6) | 1796 (11.8) |
 Planned CS | 23 (19.7) ‡ | 19 (32.2) ‡ | 55 (18.2) †| 1902 (12.5) |
 Unplanned CS | 42 (35.9) ‡ | 17 (28.8) †| 58 (19.1) * | 2313 (15.2) |
 Others | 1 (0.9) | – | 3 (1.0) | 177 (1.2) |
Clinical indication for instrumental or cesarean delivery[n (%)] | ||||
 Failure to progress | 15 (12.9) | 3 (5.2) | 41 (13.8) | 1991 (13.2) |
 Fetal distress | 32 (27.6) ‡ (n = 116) | 14 (24.1) †(n = 58) | 38 (12.8) (n = 298) | 1655 (11.0) (n = 15,078) |