Table 4 Odds ratios and absolute risk of congenital malformation with sodium valproate (adapted from Jentink) [53]
Condition | Odds ratio (median and range) in offspring of mothers who took valproate in pregnancy | Absolute risk |
|---|---|---|
Spina bifida | 12.7 (7.7–20.7) | 0.6% |
Atrial septal defect | 2.5 (1.4–4.4) | 0.5% |
Cleft palate | 5.2 (2.8–9.9) | 0.3% |
Hypospadias | 4.8 (2.9–8.1) | 0.7% |
Polydactyly | 2.2 (1.0–4.5) | 0.2% |
Craniosynostosis | 6.8 (1.8–18.8) | 0.1% |